Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
Trends Immunol. 2021 Mar;42(3):248-260. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2021.01.003. Epub 2021 Feb 1.
T lymphocytes play important roles in the skin and mucosal surfaces such as the gut and lung. Until recently the contributions of T cells to mammalian bladder immunity were largely unknown. With newer techniques, including single-cell RNA sequencing and reporter mice, an understanding is emerging of T cell roles in bladder diseases (bacterial infections, bladder cancer, chronic inflammation). In these pathologies, many bladder T cell responses can be harmful to the host through suboptimal clearance of bacteria or cancer cells, or by modulating autoinflammation. Recent findings suggest that T cell behavior might be influenced by resident T cell interactions with the bladder microbiota and other immunostimulants. Thus, regulating bladder T cell functions could emerge as a putative immunotherapy to treat some bladder diseases.
T 淋巴细胞在皮肤和黏膜表面（如肠道和肺部）发挥着重要作用。直到最近，T 细胞对哺乳动物膀胱免疫的贡献在很大程度上还不为人知。随着单细胞 RNA 测序和报告小鼠等新技术的出现，人们对 T 细胞在膀胱疾病（细菌感染、膀胱癌、慢性炎症）中的作用有了更多的了解。在这些病理中，许多膀胱 T 细胞反应可能通过不能完全清除细菌或癌细胞，或者通过调节自身炎症而对宿主造成伤害。最近的研究结果表明，T 细胞的行为可能受到驻留 T 细胞与膀胱微生物群和其他免疫刺激物相互作用的影响。因此，调节膀胱 T 细胞功能可能成为治疗某些膀胱疾病的一种潜在免疫疗法。
