Western Australian Centre for Rural Health, School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley 6009, Australia.
Oral Health Centre of Western Australia, School of Dentistry, University of Western Australia, Nedlands 6009, Australia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 2;18(3):1331. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18031331.
Regular physical activity has multiple health benefits for both the prevention and management of disease, including for older adults. However, additional precautions are needed with ageing given physiological changes and the increasing prevalence of comorbidities. Hot ambient temperatures increase the risks of exercise at any age, but are particularly important given thermoregulatory changes in older people. This narrative review informs planning of physical activity programs for older people living in rural areas with very hot climates for a period of the year. A multi-database search of peer-reviewed literature was undertaken with attention to its relevance to Australia, starting with definitions and standard advice in relation to physical activity programming and the incremental limitations imposed by age, rurality, and extreme heat. The enablers of and barriers to increasing physical activities in older adults and how they can be modified for those living in extreme hot climates is described. We describe multiple considerations in program design to improve safety, adherence and sustaining physical activity, including supervision, simple instructions, provision of reminders, social support, encouraging self-efficacy. Group-based activities may be preferred by some and can accommodate special populations, cultural considerations. Risk management is an important consideration and recommendations are provided to assist program planning.
定期进行身体活动对预防和控制疾病都有诸多益处，包括对老年人而言。然而，随着年龄的增长，生理变化和共病的发病率增加，需要额外的预防措施。无论在哪个年龄段，环境温度升高都会增加运动的风险，但对于老年人的体温调节变化而言，这一点尤为重要。本综述性文章为在一年中某段时间生活在炎热气候农村地区的老年人制定身体活动计划提供信息。我们从与身体活动规划相关的定义和标准建议开始，对同行评议文献进行了多数据库检索，重点关注其与澳大利亚的相关性，并考虑了年龄、农村地区和极端高温带来的渐进性限制。描述了在增加老年人身体活动方面的促进因素和障碍，以及如何针对生活在极热气候下的人群进行调整。我们描述了在项目设计中提高安全性、坚持和维持身体活动的多种考虑因素，包括监督、简单的指导、提供提醒、社会支持、鼓励自我效能感。一些人可能更喜欢基于小组的活动，并且可以容纳特殊人群和文化考虑因素。风险管理是一个重要的考虑因素，我们提供了建议以协助规划方案。
