Lim Su Eun, Sa Kyu Jin, Lee Ju Kyong
Department of Applied Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, 24341, Korea.
Genes Genomics. 2021 Apr;43(4):323-332. doi: 10.1007/s13258-021-01056-5. Epub 2021 Feb 4.
Bulk segregant analysis (BSA) is another method of identifying significant molecular markers linked to the target gene or region for specific traits. BSA is easier and less expensive than other methods; it does not require genetic map construction and needs fewer markers than the number needed to construct a genetic map for QTL mapping.
The purpose of our study was to identify simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers linked with leaf- and seed-related traits in Perilla crop, and to allow the selection of better accessions in Perilla breeding programs with marker-assisted selection (MAS).
The genotypes of the 25 SSR markers and phenotypic data for the eight qualitative traits were used to confirm significant marker-trait associations (SMTAs) using TASSEL software. To detect SSR markers associated with leaf color, the 16 individuals of the F population were divided into three bulk groups based on the colors of the surface and reverse sides of the leaf, respectively: six in the green/green group, five in the green/purple group and five in the purple/purple group.
This study detected 18 significant marker-trait associations (SMTAs) involving 12 SSR markers associated with six agronomic traits. The SSR markers KNUPF15, KNUPF21, KNUPF29, and KNUPF60 were associated with leaf surface color, and KNUPF11, KNUPF15, KNUPF21, and KNUPF60 were associated with leaf reverse side color. In addition, five SSR markers were associated with seed-related traits. KNUPF11 and KNUPF29 were associated with seed coat color, while KNUPF29 was associated with seed size. KNUPF12, KNUPF16, and KNUPF42 were associated with seed hardness. To verify the selected significant SSR markers associated with leaf color and seed-related traits, a UPGMA dendrogram for 11 individuals in the F population, which formed two bulk groups consisting of 6 green/green and 5 purple/purple individuals, was constructed using six SSR marker-related LC and RLC traits.
These results are very important for understanding the characteristics of Perilla leaves and seeds; they may also support opportunities to effectively preserve and utilize existing accessions and to allow Perilla breeders to improve crop quality by mean of MAS.
混合分组分析法（BSA）是另一种用于鉴定与特定性状的目标基因或区域连锁的重要分子标记的方法。与其他方法相比，BSA更简便且成本更低；它无需构建遗传图谱，且与用于数量性状位点（QTL）定位构建遗传图谱所需的标记相比，所需标记更少。
我们研究的目的是鉴定与紫苏作物叶片和种子相关性状连锁的简单序列重复（SSR）标记，并通过标记辅助选择（MAS）在紫苏育种计划中筛选出更优良的种质。
利用25个SSR标记的基因型和8个质量性状的表型数据，通过TASSEL软件确定显著的标记-性状关联（SMTAs）。为了检测与叶片颜色相关的SSR标记，根据叶片正面和背面的颜色，将F群体中的16个个体分别分为三个混合组：绿色/绿色组6个，绿色/紫色组5个，紫色/紫色组5个。
本研究检测到18个显著的标记-性状关联（SMTAs），涉及12个与6个农艺性状相关的SSR标记。SSR标记KNUPF15、KNUPF21、KNUPF29和KNUPF60与叶片正面颜色相关，KNUPF11、KNUPF15、KNUPF21和KNUPF60与叶片背面颜色相关。此外，5个SSR标记与种子相关性状有关。KNUPF11和KNUPF29与种皮颜色有关，而KNUPF29与种子大小有关。KNUPF12、KNUPF16和KNUPF42与种子硬度有关。为了验证所选的与叶片颜色和种子相关性状相关的显著SSR标记，利用6个与SSR标记相关的正面和背面叶片颜色性状，构建了F群体中11个个体的UPGMA聚类图，这11个个体形成了由6个绿色/绿色和5个紫色/紫色个体组成的两个混合组。
这些结果对于了解紫苏叶片和种子的特性非常重要；它们还可能为有效保存和利用现有种质提供机会，并使紫苏育种者能够通过MAS提高作物品质。
