Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Tepi, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2021 Feb 8;16(2):e0246741. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246741. eCollection 2021.
Diabetes mellitus is a common health problem worldwide. Proper insulin administration plays an important role in long term optimal blood sugar control. Adequate knowledge and attitude about insulin self-administration could also improve the management of diabetes and eventually improve the quality of life. This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude and practice towards insulin self-administration and associated factors among diabetic patients at Zewditu Memorial Hospital (ZMH), Ethiopia.
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 245 diabetic patients who were selected by systematic random sampling during follow-up at ZMH. The data was collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS v.20. Binary logistic regression was used to identify associated factors of patients' knowledge and P < 0.05 was used to declare the association.
Among 245 patients enrolled, 53.9% were male with a mean age of 53.26 ±13.43 years and more than 84% of the patients can read and write. The overall patients' knowledge was 63.4%. Better knowledge was observed concerning timing (78.4%) and site of insulin injection (89.4%), while knowledge on the angle of inclination during insulin administration (43.3%) and complications of insulin therapy (49%) were low. Patients who were male gender, never married, government or NGO employees, urban residents, who completed elementary and higher education had a higher knowledge than their comparators. The majority (62%) of the study patients had a favorable attitude on insulin self-administration. Although the majority 177(72.2%) of the study patients have administered insulin themselves, only 120(49.0%) of the patients injected insulin appropriately at 450. Frequent repetition of the injection site was practiced among 176(71.8%) patients and 139(56.7%) injected insulin before or immediately after food intake.
Patients' knowledge and attitude seem suboptimal and malpractice of insulin self-administration was reported. Therefore, the gaps should be addressed through patient education and demonstration of insulin injection during each hospital visit.
糖尿病是全球常见的健康问题。适当的胰岛素给药在长期血糖控制中起着重要作用。对胰岛素自我给药的充分了解和态度也可以改善糖尿病的管理，最终提高生活质量。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚泽维图纪念医院（ZMH）糖尿病患者对胰岛素自我给药的知识、态度和实践及其相关因素。
这是一项在 ZMH 随诊期间通过系统随机抽样选择的 245 名糖尿病患者中进行的基于机构的横断面研究。使用访谈者管理的结构化问卷收集数据，并使用 SPSS v.20 进行分析。使用二元逻辑回归来确定患者知识的相关因素，P<0.05 用于表示关联。
在纳入的 245 名患者中，53.9%为男性，平均年龄为 53.26±13.43 岁，超过 84%的患者能够读写。患者的总体知识水平为 63.4%。在胰岛素给药时间（78.4%）和胰岛素注射部位（89.4%）方面，患者的知识较好，而在胰岛素给药角度（43.3%）和胰岛素治疗并发症（49%）方面的知识水平较低。男性、未婚、政府或非政府组织雇员、城市居民、完成小学及以上教育的患者，其知识水平高于对照组。大多数（62%）研究患者对胰岛素自我给药持积极态度。虽然大多数 177（72.2%）研究患者自行注射胰岛素，但只有 120（49.0%）患者在 450 时适当注射胰岛素。176（71.8%）名患者经常重复注射部位，139（56.7%）名患者在进食前或进食后立即注射胰岛素。
患者的知识和态度似乎不理想，且报告了胰岛素自我给药的不当做法。因此，应通过患者教育和每次就诊时演示胰岛素注射来解决这些差距。
