埃塞俄比亚泽维图纪念医院糖尿病患者对胰岛素自我给药的知识、态度和实践及其相关因素。
Knowledge, attitude and practice towards insulin self-administration and associated factors among diabetic patients at Zewditu Memorial Hospital, Ethiopia.
机构信息
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Tepi, Ethiopia.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2021 Feb 8;16(2):e0246741. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246741. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
Diabetes mellitus is a common health problem worldwide. Proper insulin administration plays an important role in long term optimal blood sugar control. Adequate knowledge and attitude about insulin self-administration could also improve the management of diabetes and eventually improve the quality of life. This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitude and practice towards insulin self-administration and associated factors among diabetic patients at Zewditu Memorial Hospital (ZMH), Ethiopia.
METHODS
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 245 diabetic patients who were selected by systematic random sampling during follow-up at ZMH. The data was collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS v.20. Binary logistic regression was used to identify associated factors of patients' knowledge and P < 0.05 was used to declare the association.
RESULTS
Among 245 patients enrolled, 53.9% were male with a mean age of 53.26 ±13.43 years and more than 84% of the patients can read and write. The overall patients' knowledge was 63.4%. Better knowledge was observed concerning timing (78.4%) and site of insulin injection (89.4%), while knowledge on the angle of inclination during insulin administration (43.3%) and complications of insulin therapy (49%) were low. Patients who were male gender, never married, government or NGO employees, urban residents, who completed elementary and higher education had a higher knowledge than their comparators. The majority (62%) of the study patients had a favorable attitude on insulin self-administration. Although the majority 177(72.2%) of the study patients have administered insulin themselves, only 120(49.0%) of the patients injected insulin appropriately at 450. Frequent repetition of the injection site was practiced among 176(71.8%) patients and 139(56.7%) injected insulin before or immediately after food intake.
CONCLUSION
Patients' knowledge and attitude seem suboptimal and malpractice of insulin self-administration was reported. Therefore, the gaps should be addressed through patient education and demonstration of insulin injection during each hospital visit.
背景
糖尿病是全球常见的健康问题。适当的胰岛素给药在长期血糖控制中起着重要作用。对胰岛素自我给药的充分了解和态度也可以改善糖尿病的管理，最终提高生活质量。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚泽维图纪念医院（ZMH）糖尿病患者对胰岛素自我给药的知识、态度和实践及其相关因素。
方法
这是一项在 ZMH 随诊期间通过系统随机抽样选择的 245 名糖尿病患者中进行的基于机构的横断面研究。使用访谈者管理的结构化问卷收集数据，并使用 SPSS v.20 进行分析。使用二元逻辑回归来确定患者知识的相关因素，P<0.05 用于表示关联。
结果
在纳入的 245 名患者中，53.9%为男性，平均年龄为 53.26±13.43 岁，超过 84%的患者能够读写。患者的总体知识水平为 63.4%。在胰岛素给药时间（78.4%）和胰岛素注射部位（89.4%）方面，患者的知识较好，而在胰岛素给药角度（43.3%）和胰岛素治疗并发症（49%）方面的知识水平较低。男性、未婚、政府或非政府组织雇员、城市居民、完成小学及以上教育的患者，其知识水平高于对照组。大多数（62%）研究患者对胰岛素自我给药持积极态度。虽然大多数 177（72.2%）研究患者自行注射胰岛素，但只有 120（49.0%）患者在 450 时适当注射胰岛素。176（71.8%）名患者经常重复注射部位，139（56.7%）名患者在进食前或进食后立即注射胰岛素。
结论
患者的知识和态度似乎不理想，且报告了胰岛素自我给药的不当做法。因此，应通过患者教育和每次就诊时演示胰岛素注射来解决这些差距。
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