Faculty of Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium.
Faculty of Social and Applied Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, UK.
J Sports Sci. 2021 Aug;39(sup1):19-29. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2021.1881280. Epub 2021 Feb 9.
The present paper describes the conceptual basis of evidence-based classification of para-athletes with intellectual impairment (II). An extensive description of the theoretical and conceptual foundation of the system as currently conceived is provided, as are examples of its applications in the three sports included in the Paralympic programme for II-athletes in 2020 (i.e., athletics, swimming and table tennis). Evidence-based classification for II-athletes is driven by two central questions: i. How can intellectual impairment be substantiated in a valid and reliable way, and ii. Does intellectual impairment limit optimal sport proficiency? Evolution of the system and current best practice for addressing these questions are described, and suggestions for future research and development are provided. Challenges of understanding and assessing a complex (multifaceted and intersectional) impairment in the context of sport also are considered.
本论文描述了基于证据的智障残疾运动员分类的概念基础(II)。本文提供了对该系统目前构想的理论和概念基础的广泛描述，并举例说明了其在 2020 年残奥会智障残疾运动员项目中包括的三个运动项目中的应用(即田径、游泳和乒乓球)。基于证据的智障残疾运动员分类由两个核心问题驱动：i. 如何以有效和可靠的方式证实智力障碍，ii. 智力障碍是否限制最佳运动水平？本文描述了该系统的发展和当前解决这些问题的最佳实践，并提供了未来研究和发展的建议。本文还考虑了在运动背景下理解和评估复杂（多方面和交叉）障碍的挑战。
