Meharenet Behablom, Shitu Dessalew
National Institute for the Control and Eradication of Tsetse Fly and Trypanosomosis, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Vet Med (Auckl). 2021 Feb 2;12:15-22. doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S285165. eCollection 2021.
A cross-sectional study was conducted from late October 2016 to June 2017, with the primary objective of estimating and analyzing the concurrent occurrence of both fascioliasis and trypanosomosis infections and associated risk factors along the tsetse-infested Didessa river basin.
The methodology applied was based on stratified sampling for the parasitological study, with entomological and malacological surveys, including fly dissection.
The result of variance-ratio testing between trypanosomosis and fascioliasis infections (mean prevalence 0.117±0.322 and 0.283±0.451, respectively), was statistically significant ([>]=0), with higher observed fascioliasis infection (n=147, 28.27%). Severe anemia was observed in trypanosomosis infection, with mean packed cell volume of 19.57 (OR=0.71, >||=0.000), and vast fascioliasis infections identified among cattle with medium and poor body condition in terms of weight (n=91 [32.73%] and n=38 [21.47%]). On entomological study, 578 (62.62%) and 345 (37.38%) female and male fly species were cached, respectively, with overall mean flies/trap/day of 5.19 (n=923). Despite the prevalence of trypanosomosis in infected cattle, of 130 . flies dissected, only three were found to be positive for an infection rate of 2.31%. Malacological study identified three snail species known to maintain fascioliasis: (n=28, 45.16%), (n=23, 37.10%), and (n=11, 17.74%). Concurrent infection with fascioliasis and trypanosomosis was mainly associated with the co-occurrence of their intermediate host snails and flies, respectively, with 4.42% (n=23) prevalence.
This study clearly demonstrated that the former parasite was highly associated with emaciation, whereas the second was responsible for anemia. In future,researchers should focus solely on estimating meat and milk production of local cattle to assess the economic impact of the study parasites.
2016年10月下旬至2017年6月开展了一项横断面研究，其主要目的是估计和分析在舌蝇滋生的迪德萨河流域同时发生肝片吸虫病和锥虫病感染的情况及相关危险因素。
应用的方法基于寄生虫学研究的分层抽样，并进行昆虫学和软体动物学调查，包括苍蝇解剖。
锥虫病和肝片吸虫病感染之间的方差比检验结果（平均患病率分别为0.117±0.322和0.283±0.451）具有统计学意义（[>]=0），观察到的肝片吸虫病感染率更高（n = 147，28.27%）。在锥虫病感染中观察到严重贫血，平均红细胞压积为19.57（OR = 0.71，>|| = 0.000），在体重方面身体状况中等和较差的牛中发现大量肝片吸虫病感染（n = 91 [32.73%]和n = 38 [21.47%]）。在昆虫学研究中，分别捕获了578只（62.62%）雌性和345只（37.38%）雄性蝇类，平均每个诱捕器每天捕获的蝇类总数为5.19（n = 923）。尽管感染牛群中存在锥虫病，但在解剖的130只苍蝇中，仅发现3只呈阳性，感染率为2.31%。软体动物学研究确定了三种已知可传播肝片吸虫病的蜗牛物种：（n = 28，45.16%）、（n = 23，37.10%）和（n = 11，17.74%）。肝片吸虫病和锥虫病的同时感染主要分别与它们的中间宿主蜗牛和蝇类的共存有关，患病率为4.42%（n = 23）。
本研究清楚地表明，前一种寄生虫与消瘦高度相关，而第二种寄生虫则导致贫血。未来，研究人员应仅专注于估计当地牛的肉和奶产量，以评估所研究寄生虫的经济影响。
