Azami Mohammad Saeed, Taremian Farhad
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Science, Tehran, Iran.
Scand J Child Adolesc Psychiatr Psychol. 2020 Sep 3;8:101-109. doi: 10.21307/sjcapp-2020-010. eCollection 2020.
Traditional bullying (or peer bullying) is considered a common and unpleasant experience among students and has serious consequences such as mental health problems and unhealthy behavior. In recent years, another type of bullying named cyberbullying has emerged as a growing problem with negative effects on school achievement, physiology, and mental health of its victims.
The purpose of this research is to examine and compare the roles of traditional and cyberbullying victimization in substance use, self-harm and suicide attempts.
This was a cross-sectional study and conducted in 2019. A total of 425 high school students were selected for the study in Kermanshah, Iran. For conducting the survey, a multi-stage cluster randomized procedure was used and 18 classes in six different high schools in three urban areas were selected. A total of 400 students (mean age 16.61 years, 53.2% girls) responded to the survey, and it provided usable information for the research. Data were analyzed through binary logistic regression analyses.
The analysis results revealed that 54.2% of students (n = 217) have experienced traditional or cyber victimization. Any kind of victimization was associated with self-harm. Cyber victimization alone and the combination of cyber plus traditional victimization showed significant association with suicide and substance use. Risk of substance use, self-harm, and suicide was higher when students experienced both types of bullying than when they experienced just one kind of bullying alone.
The results of this study suggest that traditional and cyber victims may require immediate intervention to reduce the negative effects of victimization. Also, prevention programs should consider the possible relationship between traditional and cyber victimization and substance use, self-harm, and suicide.
传统欺凌（或同伴欺凌）被认为是学生中常见且不愉快的经历，并会产生诸如心理健康问题和不健康行为等严重后果。近年来，另一种名为网络欺凌的欺凌形式已成为一个日益严重的问题，对受害者的学业成绩、生理和心理健康产生负面影响。
本研究的目的是检验和比较传统欺凌和网络欺凌受害经历在物质使用、自我伤害和自杀未遂方面的作用。
这是一项于2019年进行的横断面研究。在伊朗克尔曼沙赫共选取了425名高中生参与研究。为进行调查，采用了多阶段整群随机程序，从三个城市地区的六所不同高中中选取了18个班级。共有400名学生（平均年龄16.61岁，53.2%为女生）对调查做出回应，为研究提供了可用信息。通过二元逻辑回归分析对数据进行分析。
分析结果显示，54.2%的学生（n = 217）曾经历过传统或网络欺凌受害经历。任何一种受害经历都与自我伤害有关。仅网络欺凌受害以及网络欺凌与传统欺凌受害经历的组合与自杀和物质使用均显示出显著关联。当学生同时经历两种欺凌时，物质使用、自我伤害和自杀的风险高于仅经历一种欺凌时。
本研究结果表明，传统欺凌和网络欺凌受害者可能需要立即干预，以减少受害经历的负面影响。此外，预防项目应考虑传统欺凌和网络欺凌受害经历与物质使用、自我伤害和自杀之间的可能关系。
