Department of Business Management, University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Aragón, Spain.
Department of Statistical Methods, University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Aragón, Spain.
PLoS One. 2021 Feb 10;16(2):e0246931. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246931. eCollection 2021.
Speed is a main factor affecting the kinematic of snow-sports accidents and the degree of severity of the resulting injuries. The aim of this study was to measure on-slope actual maximum speeds of snowboarders and to assess their ability to accurately them with regard to individual factors such as gender, skill level, age and risk-taking behaviour and actual maximum speed. The data were obtained from a sample of 312 (67% male, 33% female) adult recreational snowboarders taking lessons in one of the major resorts in the Spanish Pyrenees. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to investigate the relationship between maximal measured actual speed and estimated speed for all participants. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate the impact of individual factors on both the snowboarders' actual maximum speed and their error of estimation. The Pearson correlation coefficient between estimated and actual maximum speed was 0.52 (P < 0.001) for all participants. They underestimated their actual maximum speed on average by 10.05 km/h or 28.62%. All assessed factors were shown to significantly affect the snowboarders' actual maximum speed. However, gender, skill level, age and actual maximum speed were shown to significantly affect the snowboarders' error of estimation, while risk-taking behavior did not. Gender, skill level, age and risk-taking behaviour are associated with the actual maximum speed at which snowboarders ride, while the same individual factors, except for risk-taking behaviour, and their snowboarding speed seem to affect the ability to estimate actual maximum speeds in adult recreational snowboarders. The ability to estimate actual speed accurately is an important factor to avoid accidents on ski slopes and, therefore, having snowboarders informed about the benefits of speed self-awareness is a key matter for prevention purposes.
速度是影响雪上运动事故运动学和受伤严重程度的主要因素。本研究的目的是测量单板滑雪者的坡面实际最大速度，并评估他们根据个体因素（如性别、技能水平、年龄和冒险行为）准确估计实际最大速度的能力。数据来自西班牙比利牛斯山脉一个主要度假胜地的 312 名（67%为男性，33%为女性）成年娱乐性单板滑雪者的样本。皮尔逊相关系数用于调查所有参与者的最大实测实际速度和估计速度之间的关系。多元线性回归分析用于估计个体因素对滑雪者实际最大速度及其估计误差的影响。所有参与者的估计和实际最大速度之间的皮尔逊相关系数为 0.52（P < 0.001）。他们平均低估了自己的实际最大速度 10.05 公里/小时或 28.62%。所有评估的因素都显著影响滑雪者的实际最大速度。然而，性别、技能水平、年龄和实际最大速度显著影响滑雪者的估计误差，而冒险行为则没有。性别、技能水平、年龄和冒险行为与滑雪者的实际最大速度有关，而除了冒险行为之外的相同个体因素以及他们的滑雪速度似乎会影响成年娱乐性单板滑雪者估计实际最大速度的能力。准确估计实际速度的能力是避免滑雪道事故的一个重要因素，因此，让滑雪者了解速度自我意识的好处对于预防目的来说是一个关键问题。
