Huffman William H, Jia Lori, Pirruccio Kevin, Li Xinning, Hecht Andrew C, Parisien Robert L
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2022 Jul 7;10(7):23259671221105486. doi: 10.1177/23259671221105486. eCollection 2022 Jul.
The epidemiology of acute vertebral fractures (AVFs) sustained while skiing and snowboarding remains poorly defined in the United States.
It was hypothesized that there would be no significant differences across sex and a greater number of AVFs in younger age groups associated with skiing and snowboarding.
Descriptive epidemiological study.
The authors utilized the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System to identify patients who were reported in emergency departments in the United States from 2000 to 2019. All patients were noted to have sustained AVFs during skiing or snowboarding. National estimates and demographic analysis were performed.
A total of 466 AVFs were identified, or roughly 23.3 AVFs per year. Compared with women, men accounted for the majority of AVFs sustained in both skiing and snowboarding: 67.8% (95% CI, 62.6%-73.0%) during skiing and 82.1% (95% CI, 76.3%-87.8%) during snowboarding. This represented a significantly larger percentage of AVFs while snowboarding compared with skiing ( = .002). Women accounted for 32.2% (95% CI, 27.0%-37.4%) of AVFs while skiing and 17.9% (95% CI, 12.2%-23.7%) while snowboarding, which indicated a significantly larger percentage of AVFs sustained during skiing compared with snowboarding ( = .002). Snowboarders were more likely than skiers to sustain an AVF in the region of the coccyx (21.5% [95% CI, 14.3%-28.7%] vs 11.5% [95% CI, 3.5%-16.9%], respectively; = .003) and as a result of a fall at ground level (69.2% [95% CI, 62.1%-76.4%] vs 52.8% [95% CI, 43.2%-62.4%], respectively; = .009). A significant decrease in the number of snowboarding-related AVFs was identified over the 20-year study period: 899 in 2000-2003 versus 283 in 2016-2019 ( < .01). The change in skiing-related AVFs over the study period was not statistically significant (694 vs 462; = .5).
This national study of AVFs sustained while skiing and snowboarding identified critical sex- and age-specific differences in the population at risk, anatomic location of injury, and mechanism of injury. The national data generated from this study over a 20-year period may be utilized to better inform public health injury awareness and prevention initiatives in the rapidly growing sports of skiing and snowboarding.
在美国，滑雪和单板滑雪时发生的急性椎体骨折（AVF）的流行病学情况仍未明确界定。
假设不同性别之间不存在显著差异，且与滑雪和单板滑雪相关的年轻年龄组中急性椎体骨折的数量更多。
描述性流行病学研究。
作者利用国家电子伤害监测系统，识别2000年至2019年在美国急诊科报告的患者。所有患者均被记录在滑雪或单板滑雪期间发生了急性椎体骨折。进行了全国性估计和人口统计学分析。
共识别出466例急性椎体骨折，即每年约23.3例。与女性相比，男性在滑雪和单板滑雪中发生的急性椎体骨折占大多数：滑雪时占67.8%（95%CI，62.6%-73.0%），单板滑雪时占82.1%（95%CI，76.3%-87.8%）。与滑雪相比，单板滑雪时急性椎体骨折的比例显著更高（P=.002）。女性在滑雪时发生的急性椎体骨折占32.2%（95%CI，27.0%-37.4%），单板滑雪时占17.9%（95%CI，12.2%-23.7%），这表明与单板滑雪相比，滑雪时发生的急性椎体骨折比例显著更高（P=.002）。单板滑雪者比滑雪者更有可能在尾骨区域发生急性椎体骨折（分别为21.5%[95%CI，14.3%-28.7%]和11.5%[95%CI，3.5%-16.9%]；P=.003），且更有可能因在地面摔倒而导致骨折（分别为69.2%[95%CI，62.1%-76.4%]和52.8%[95%CI，43.2%-62.4%]；P=.009）。在20年的研究期间，与单板滑雪相关的急性椎体骨折数量显著减少：2000 - 2003年为899例，2016 - 2019年为283例（P<.01）。研究期间与滑雪相关的急性椎体骨折的变化无统计学意义（694例对4例62；P=.5）。
这项关于滑雪和单板滑雪时发生的急性椎体骨折的全国性研究，确定了高危人群、损伤解剖部位和损伤机制在性别和年龄方面的关键差异。本研究在20年期间生成的全国数据，可用于更好地为滑雪和单板滑雪这两项快速发展的运动中的公共卫生伤害意识和预防举措提供信息。
