Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut Pierre-Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, 27 rue Chaligny, 75571 CEDEX 12, Paris, France.
Département de Santé Publique, APHP. Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.
BMC Infect Dis. 2021 Feb 10;21(1):169. doi: 10.1186/s12879-021-05864-8.
Our main objectives were to estimate the incidence of illnesses presumably caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection during the lockdown period and to identify the associated risk factors.
Participants from 3 adult cohorts in the general population in France were invited to participate in a survey on COVID-19. The main outcome was COVID-19-Like Symptoms (CLS), defined as a sudden onset of cough, fever, dyspnea, ageusia and/or anosmia, that lasted more than 3 days and occurred during the 17 days before the survey. We used delayed-entry Cox models to identify associated factors.
Between April 2, 2020 and May 12, 2020, 279,478 participants were invited, 116,903 validated the questionnaire and 106,848 were included in the analysis. Three thousand thirty-five cases of CLS were reported during 62,099 person-months of follow-up. The cumulative incidences of CLS were 6.2% (95% Confidence Interval (95%CI): 5.7%; 6.6%) on day 15 and 8.8% (95%CI 8.3%; 9.2%) on day 45 of lockdown. The risk of CLS was lower in older age groups and higher in French regions with a high prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, in participants living in cities > 100,000 inhabitants (vs rural areas), when at least one child or adolescent was living in the same household, in overweight or obese people, and in people with chronic respiratory diseases, anxiety or depression or chronic diseases other than diabetes, cancer, hypertension or cardiovascular diseases.
The incidence of CLS in the general population remained high during the first 2 weeks of lockdown, and decreased significantly thereafter. Modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors were identified.
我们的主要目标是估算封锁期间因 SARS-CoV-2 感染引起的疾病的发病率，并确定相关的危险因素。
我们邀请了法国普通人群中的 3 个成人队列的参与者参与一项关于 COVID-19 的调查。主要结局是 COVID-19 样症状（CLS），定义为咳嗽、发热、呼吸困难、味觉丧失和/或嗅觉丧失突然发作，持续超过 3 天，并发生在调查前 17 天内。我们使用延迟进入 Cox 模型来识别相关因素。
在 2020 年 4 月 2 日至 2020 年 5 月 12 日期间，邀请了 279478 名参与者，116903 名参与者验证了问卷，106848 名参与者被纳入分析。在 62099 人月的随访中报告了 3035 例 CLS 病例。在封锁的第 15 天和第 45 天，CLS 的累积发病率分别为 6.2%（95%置信区间（95%CI）：5.7%；6.6%）和 8.8%（95%CI 8.3%；9.2%）。CLS 的风险在年龄较大的年龄组中较低，在 SARS-CoV-2 感染流行率较高的法国地区，在居住在人口超过 100000 人的城市（而非农村地区）的参与者中，在至少有一个儿童或青少年居住在同一家庭中的参与者中，在超重或肥胖的人群中，以及在患有慢性呼吸系统疾病、焦虑或抑郁或除糖尿病、癌症、高血压或心血管疾病以外的慢性疾病的人群中，风险较高。
在封锁的前 2 周，普通人群中 CLS 的发病率仍然很高，此后显著下降。确定了可改变和不可改变的危险因素。
