Department of Pathology, NYU School of Medicine, 522 First Ave. Smilow Research Bldg 511, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
Department of Radiology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
Semin Immunopathol. 2021 Apr;43(2):163-172. doi: 10.1007/s00281-021-00844-1. Epub 2021 Feb 10.
Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a group of chronic, immune-mediated, inflammatory diseases affecting the bone, synovium, and enthesis. Microbiome, the community of microorganisms that has co-evolved with human hosts, plays a pivotal role in human health and disease. This invisible "essential organ" supplies the host with a myriad of chemicals and molecules. In turn, microbial metabolites can serve as messengers for microbes to communicate with each other and in the cross-talk with host cells. Gut dysbiosis in SpA is associated with altered microbial metabolites, and an accumulated body of research has contributed to the understanding that changes in intestinal microbiota can modulate disease pathogenesis. We review the novel findings from human and animal studies to provide an overview of the contribution of individual microbial metabolites and antigens to SpA.
脊柱关节炎（SpA）是一组慢性、免疫介导、炎症性疾病，影响骨骼、滑膜和附着点。微生物组是与人类宿主共同进化的微生物群落，在人类健康和疾病中起着关键作用。这个无形的“重要器官”为宿主提供了无数的化学物质和分子。反过来，微生物代谢物可以作为微生物之间相互交流以及与宿主细胞交流的信使。SpA 中的肠道菌群失调与改变的微生物代谢物有关，越来越多的研究有助于理解肠道微生物群的变化可以调节疾病的发病机制。我们综述了来自人类和动物研究的新发现，以提供对个别微生物代谢物和抗原对 SpA 贡献的概述。
