Miglio Arianna, Falcinelli Emanuela, Mezzasoma Anna Maria, Cappelli Katia, Mecocci Samanta, Gresele Paolo, Antognoni Maria Teresa
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Feb 9;11(2):447. doi: 10.3390/ani11020447.
Training has a strong effect on the physiology of hematological parameters and blood coagulation, both in humans and in horses. Several blood changes have been reported after exercise in horses but available data differ. We aimed to investigate modifications in complete blood count and some hemostatic parameters induced by the first training period in young untrained Thoroughbred racehorses to detect a possible labile blood coagulability in racehorses. Twenty-nine untrained 2-year-old Thoroughbreds were followed during their incremental 4-month sprint exercise schedule. Blood collection was performed once a month, five times (T-30, T0, T30, T60 and T90), before and during the training period for measurement of complete blood count (CBC) and blood clotting parameters (prothrombin time-PT, activated partial prothrombin time-APTT, thrombin clotting time-TCT, fibrinogen-Fb, thrombin-antithrombin complex-TAT). Differences among the time points for each parameter were analyzed (ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance, < 0.05). In Thoroughbreds, the first long-term exercise workout period was found to induce a statistical increase in red blood cell indexes and lymphocytes, eosinophils and platelet counts, as well as a hypercoagulability state evident at 30 days of training, which returned to basal levels after 90 days. Regular physical exercise seems to blunt the negative effects of acute efforts on hematological and clotting parameters, an effect that may be attributed to the training condition.
训练对人类和马匹血液学参数及血液凝固的生理机能都有显著影响。已有报道称马匹运动后会出现多种血液变化，但现有数据存在差异。我们旨在研究首次训练期对未受过训练的年轻纯种赛马全血细胞计数和一些止血参数的影响，以检测赛马可能存在的不稳定血液凝固性。29匹未受过训练的2岁纯种赛马在为期4个月的递增式短跑训练计划中接受跟踪观察。在训练期之前和期间，每月采集一次血液，共采集五次（T - 30、T0、T30、T60和T90），用于测量全血细胞计数（CBC）和血液凝固参数（凝血酶原时间 - PT、活化部分凝血活酶时间 - APTT、凝血酶凝结时间 - TCT、纤维蛋白原 - Fb、凝血酶 - 抗凝血酶复合物 - TAT）。分析每个参数在各时间点之间的差异（方差分析、Kruskal - Wallis单因素方差分析，P < 0.05）。在纯种赛马中，发现首个长期运动训练期会导致红细胞指数、淋巴细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和血小板计数出现统计学上的增加，以及在训练30天时出现高凝状态，90天后恢复到基础水平。规律的体育锻炼似乎可以减轻急性运动对血液学和凝血参数的负面影响，这种影响可能归因于训练状态。
