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南非儿童胃肠炎住院患者的病毒病因、多样性和临床特征。

Virus Etiology, Diversity and Clinical Characteristics in South African Children Hospitalised with Gastroenteritis.

机构信息

Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.

Immunology Laboratory, Ampath, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.

出版信息

Viruses. 2021 Jan 30;13(2):215. doi: 10.3390/v13020215.

DOI:10.3390/v13020215
PMID:33573340
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7911269/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Viral gastroenteritis remains a major cause of hospitalisation in young children. This study aimed to determine the distribution and diversity of enteric viruses in children ≤5 years, hospitalised with gastroenteritis at Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa, between July 2016 and December 2017.

METHODS

Stool specimens ( = 205) were screened for norovirus GI and GII, rotavirus, sapovirus, astrovirus and adenovirus by multiplex RT-PCR. HIV exposure and secretor status were evaluated. Secretor status was determined by genotyping.

RESULTS

At least one gastroenteritis virus was detected in 47% (96/205) of children. Rotavirus predominated (46/205), followed by norovirus (32/205), adenovirus (15/205), sapovirus (9/205) and astrovirus (3/205). Norovirus genotypes GI.3, GII.2, GII.3, GII.4, GII.7, GII.12, GII.21, and rotavirus strains G1P[8], G2P[4], G2P[6], G3P[4], G3P[8], G8P[4], G8P[6], G9P[6], G9P[8] and sapovirus genotypes GI.1, GI.2, GII.1, GII.4, GII.8 were detected; norovirus GII.4[P31] and rotavirus G3P[4] predominated. Asymptomatic norovirus infection (GI.3, GI.7, GII.4, GII.6, GII.13) was detected in 22% of 46 six-week follow up stools. HIV exposure (30%) was not associated with more frequent or severe viral gastroenteritis hospitalisations compared to unexposed children. Rotavirus preferentially infected secretor children ( = 0.143) and norovirus infected 78% secretors and 22% non-secretors.

CONCLUSION

Rotavirus was still the leading cause of gastroenteritis hospitalisations, but norovirus caused more severe symptoms.

摘要

背景

病毒性肠胃炎仍然是导致幼儿住院的主要原因。本研究旨在确定 2016 年 7 月至 2017 年 12 月在南非比勒陀利亚卡拉丰省级三级医院因肠胃炎住院的≤5 岁儿童中肠病毒的分布和多样性。

方法

采用多重 RT-PCR 方法检测 205 份粪便标本中的诺如病毒 GI 和 GII、轮状病毒、星状病毒、肠道病毒和腺病毒。评估 HIV 暴露和分泌状态。分泌状态通过基因分型确定。

结果

在 96/205 名儿童中至少检测到一种肠胃炎病毒。轮状病毒（46/205）为主，其次是诺如病毒（32/205）、腺病毒（15/205）、星状病毒（9/205）和星状病毒（3/205）。诺如病毒基因型 GI.3、GII.2、GII.3、GII.4、GII.7、GII.12、GII.21 和轮状病毒株 G1P[8]、G2P[4]、G2P[6]、G3P[4]、G3P[8]、G8P[4]、G8P[6]、G9P[6]、G9P[8]和星状病毒基因型 GI.1、GI.2、GII.1、GII.4、GII.8 均有检测到；诺如病毒 GII.4[P31]和轮状病毒 G3P[4]占优势。46 份为期 6 周的随访粪便中，检测到无症状诺如病毒感染（GI.3、GI.7、GII.4、GII.6、GII.13）占 22%。与未暴露的儿童相比，HIV 暴露（30%）与更频繁或更严重的病毒性肠胃炎住院无关。轮状病毒优先感染分泌者（ = 0.143），而诺如病毒感染 78%的分泌者和 22%的非分泌者。

结论

轮状病毒仍然是肠胃炎住院的主要原因，但诺如病毒引起的症状更严重。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5413/7911269/ecfdb87066b0/viruses-13-00215-g008.jpg
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