University of Zurich, Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, Zollikerstrasse 107, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.
Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Šlechtitelů 31, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Nat Commun. 2021 Feb 11;12(1):956. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20777-x.
Plasma membrane-associated and intracellular proteins and protein complexes play a pivotal role in pathogen recognition and disease resistance signaling in plants and animals. The two predominant protein families perceiving plant pathogens are receptor-like kinases and nucleotide binding-leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLR), which often confer race-specific resistance. Leaf rust is one of the most prevalent and most devastating wheat diseases. Here, we clone the race-specific leaf rust resistance gene Lr14a from hexaploid wheat. The cloning of Lr14a is aided by the recently published genome assembly of ArinaLrFor, an Lr14a-containing wheat line. Lr14a encodes a membrane-localized protein containing twelve ankyrin (ANK) repeats and structural similarities to Ca-permeable non-selective cation channels. Transcriptome analyses reveal an induction of genes associated with calcium ion binding in the presence of Lr14a. Haplotype analyses indicate that Lr14a-containing chromosome segments were introgressed multiple times into the bread wheat gene pool, but we find no variation in the Lr14a coding sequence itself. Our work demonstrates the involvement of an ANK-transmembrane (TM)-like type of gene family in race-specific disease resistance in wheat. This forms the basis to explore ANK-TM-like genes in disease resistance breeding.
质膜相关蛋白和细胞内蛋白及蛋白复合物在动植物病原体识别和抗病信号转导中起关键作用。识别植物病原体的两个主要蛋白家族是类受体激酶和核苷酸结合富含亮氨酸重复受体（NLR），它们通常赋予物种特异性抗性。叶锈病是最普遍和最具破坏性的小麦病害之一。在这里，我们从六倍体小麦中克隆了叶锈病特异抗性基因 Lr14a。ArinaLrFor 的基因组组装最近公布，该品系含有 Lr14a，这有助于 Lr14a 的克隆。Lr14a 编码一种定位于质膜的蛋白，包含十二个锚蛋白（ANK）重复序列，与 Ca 通透性非选择性阳离子通道具有结构相似性。转录组分析表明，在存在 Lr14a 的情况下，与钙离子结合相关的基因被诱导。单倍型分析表明，含有 Lr14a 的染色体片段已多次导入普通小麦基因库，但我们未发现 Lr14a 编码序列本身存在变异。我们的工作表明，ANK-跨膜（TM）样基因家族参与了小麦的物种特异性抗病性。这为在抗病性育种中探索 ANK-TM 样基因奠定了基础。
