Li Yi-Rui, Liu Ling, Wang Dan, Chen Li, Chen Hao
College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China.
State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystem, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
PeerJ. 2021 Jan 28;9:e10742. doi: 10.7717/peerj.10742. eCollection 2021.
Electron beam to target turning X-ray (EBTTX) is an emerging irradiation technology that can potentially accelerate the breeding process of plants. The biological effects of EBTTX irradiation on the two freesia cultivars (the red freesia and the purple freesia) were investigated by establishing an irradiation-mediated mutation breeding protocol. The germination rate, survival rate, plant height, leaf number and area, root number and length of the two freesia cultivars decreased following different irradiation doses (25, 50, 75, and 100-Gy). A high irradiation dose exhibited stronger inhibition effects on these plant growth parameters, and the survival rate of the two freesia cultivars was 0.00% following the 100-Gy irradiation treatment. The median lethal dose (LD) based on survival rates was 54.28-Gy for the red freesia and 60.11-Gy for the purple freesia. The flowering rate, flower number, and pollen vigor were significantly decreased by irradiation treatment. At 75-Gy irradiation, the flowering rate, flower number and pollen viability of the two varieties reached the minimum, exhibiting strong inhibitory effects. Meanwhile, 75-Gy irradiation significantly decreased the chlorophyll content and increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the two freesia cultivars. Furthermore, as the irradiation dose increased, the changes in the micro-morphology of the leaf epidermis and pollen gradually increased according to a scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. These results are expected to provide useful information for the mutation breeding of different freesia cultivars and other flowering plants.
电子束靶向转换X射线（EBTTX）是一种新兴的辐照技术，它有可能加速植物的育种进程。通过建立辐照介导的突变育种方案，研究了EBTTX辐照对两种小苍兰品种（红色小苍兰和紫色小苍兰）的生物学效应。两种小苍兰品种在不同辐照剂量（25、50、75和100 Gy）处理后，发芽率、成活率、株高、叶片数量和面积、根数和根长均下降。高辐照剂量对这些植物生长参数表现出更强的抑制作用，在100 Gy辐照处理后，两种小苍兰品种的成活率均为0.00%。基于成活率的半致死剂量（LD），红色小苍兰为54.28 Gy，紫色小苍兰为60.11 Gy。辐照处理显著降低了开花率、花数和花粉活力。在75 Gy辐照时，两个品种的开花率、花数和花粉活力达到最低，表现出很强的抑制作用。同时，75 Gy辐照显著降低了两种小苍兰品种的叶绿素含量，增加了丙二醛（MDA）含量。此外，扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析表明，随着辐照剂量的增加，叶片表皮和花粉的微观形态变化逐渐增大。这些结果有望为不同小苍兰品种及其他开花植物的突变育种提供有用信息。
