Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung 40301, Taiwan.
School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung 40201, Taiwan.
Nutrients. 2021 Feb 10;13(2):588. doi: 10.3390/nu13020588.
Hypertension (HT) is one of the pivotal risk factors for various detrimental diseases like cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cerebrovascular disease, and renal dysfunction. Currently, many researchers are paying immense attention to various diet formula (dietary approach) with a special focus on micro and macronutrients along with modified lifestyle and standard anti-hypertensive drugs. Micronutrients (minerals/vitamins) play a central role in the regulation of blood pressure (BP) as they aid the function of macronutrients and also improve the anti-hypertensive functions of some anti-hypertensive agents. Even though several studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of micronutrients on controlling BP, still some ambiguity exists among the nutritionists/doctors, which combination or individual mineral (dietary approach) contributes to better BP regulation. Therefore, this critical review article was attempted to delineate the underlying role of micronutrients (minerals and vitamins) for the management and prevention or delaying of HT and their related complications with strong affirmation from clinical trials as well as its mechanism of controlling BP. Moreover, the major source and recommended daily allowance (RDA) of various micronutrients are included in this review for guiding common readers (especially HT subjects) and dieticians to choose/recommend a better micronutrient and their combinations (other nutrients and standard anti-hypertensive drugs) for lowering the risk of HT and its related co-morbid conditions like CVDs.
高血压（HT）是各种有害疾病的关键风险因素之一，如心血管疾病（CVDs）、脑血管疾病和肾功能障碍。目前，许多研究人员正在关注各种饮食配方（饮食方法），特别关注微量营养素和宏量营养素，以及生活方式的改变和标准的降压药物。微量营养素（矿物质/维生素）在调节血压（BP）方面起着核心作用，因为它们有助于宏量营养素的功能，并且还可以提高一些降压药物的降压功能。尽管有几项研究表明微量营养素对控制血压有有益的影响，但营养学家/医生之间仍然存在一些模糊性，即哪种组合或单一矿物质（饮食方法）有助于更好地调节血压。因此，本文试图从临床试验的角度以及控制血压的机制来阐述微量营养素（矿物质和维生素）在 HT 及其相关并发症的管理、预防或延迟中的作用。此外，本综述还包括各种微量营养素的主要来源和推荐日摄入量（RDA），以便为普通读者（特别是 HT 患者）和营养师提供指导，选择/推荐更好的微量营养素及其组合（其他营养素和标准降压药物），以降低 HT 及其相关合并症（如 CVDs）的风险。
