Stricklin Daniela L, VanHorne-Sealy Jama, Rios Carmen I, Scott Carnell Lisa A, Taliaferro Lanyn P
Previously - Arlington Division, Applied Research Associates, Inc., Arlington.
Army Reactor Program, United States Army Nuclear and Countering Weapons of Mass Destruction Agency (USANCA), Department of Defense, Fort Belvoir, Virginia.
Radiat Res. 2021 May 1;195(5):480-496. doi: 10.1667/RADE-20-00213.1.
As the U.S. prepares for the possibility of a radiological or nuclear incident, or anticipated lunar and Mars missions, the exposure of individuals to neutron radiation must be considered. More information is needed on how to determine the neutron dose to better estimate the true biological effects of neutrons and mixed-field (i.e., neutron and photon) radiation exposures. While exposure to gamma-ray radiation will cause significant health issues, the addition of neutrons will likely exacerbate the biological effects already anticipated after radiation exposure. To begin to understand the issues and knowledge gaps in these areas, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Radiation Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Department of Defense (DoD), Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA), and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) formed an inter-agency working group to host a Neutron Radiobiology and Dosimetry Workshop on March 7, 2019 in Rockville, MD. Stakeholder interests were clearly positioned, given the differences in the missions of each agency. An overview of neutron dosimetry and neutron radiobiology was included, as well as a historical overview of neutron exposure research. In addition, current research in the fields of biodosimetry and diagnostics, medical countermeasures (MCMs) and treatment, long-term health effects, and computational studies were presented and discussed.
在美国为可能发生的放射性或核事件做准备，或预期开展月球和火星任务时，必须考虑个人受到中子辐射的情况。关于如何确定中子剂量以更好地估计中子及混合场（即中子和光子）辐射暴露的真实生物学效应，还需要更多信息。虽然暴露于伽马射线辐射会导致严重的健康问题，但中子的加入可能会加剧辐射暴露后已预期的生物学效应。为了开始了解这些领域的问题和知识空白，美国国立过敏与传染病研究所（NIAID）、辐射与核对策项目（RNCP）、国防部（DoD）、国防威胁降低局（DTRA）和美国国家航空航天局（NASA）成立了一个跨部门工作组，于2019年3月7日在马里兰州罗克维尔举办了一次中子放射生物学和剂量测定研讨会。鉴于各机构任务的差异，相关利益方的利益得到了明确界定。会议内容包括中子剂量测定和中子放射生物学的概述，以及中子暴露研究的历史概述。此外，还介绍并讨论了生物剂量测定与诊断、医学对策（MCMs）与治疗、长期健康影响以及计算研究等领域的当前研究情况。
