Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143001, India.
Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143001, India.
Immunobiology. 2021 Mar;226(2):152071. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2021.152071. Epub 2021 Feb 5.
Dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin-1 (Dectin-1), also known as β-glucan receptor is an emerging pattern recognition receptor (PRR) which belongs to the family of C-type lectin receptor (CLR). This CLR identifies ligands independently of Ca and is majorly involved in coupling of innate with adaptive immunity. Formerly, Dectin-1 was best known for its role in anti-fungal defense only. However, recent explorations suggested its wider role in defense against variety of infectious diseases caused by pathogens including bacteria, parasites and viruses. In fact, Dectin-1 signaling axis has been suggested to be targeted as an effective therapeutic strategy for cancers. Dectin-1 has also been elucidated ascetically in the heart, respiratory, intestinal, neurological and developmental disorders. Being a defensive PRR, Dectin-1 results in optimal immune responses in collaboration with other PRRs, but the overall evaluation reinforces the hypothesis of disease development on dis-regulation of Dectin-1 activity. This underscores the impact of Dectin-1 polymorphisms in modulating protein expression and generation of non-optimal immune responses through defective collaborations, further underlining their therapeutic potential. To add on, Dectin-1 influence autoimmunity and severe inflammation accredited to recognition of self T cells and apoptotic cells through unknown ligands. Few reports have also testified its redundant role in infections, which makes it a complicated molecule to be fully resolved. Thus, Dectin-1 is a hub that runs a complex collaborative network, whose interactive wire connections to different PRRs are still pending to be revealed. Alternatively, so far focus of almost all the researchers was the two major cell surface isoforms of Dectin-1, despite the fact that its soluble functional intracellular isoform (Dectin-1E) has already been dissected but is indefinable. Therefore, this review intensely recommends the need of future research to resolve the un-resolved and treasure the comprehensive role of Dectin-1 in different clinical outcomes, before determining its therapeutic prospective.
树突细胞相关 C 型凝集素-1（Dectin-1），也称为β-葡聚糖受体，是一种新兴的模式识别受体（PRR），属于 C 型凝集素受体（CLR）家族。这种 CLR 可以独立于 Ca 识别配体，主要参与固有免疫与适应性免疫的偶联。以前，Dectin-1 最为人所知的是其在抗真菌防御中的作用。然而，最近的研究表明，它在防御多种病原体引起的传染病方面发挥着更广泛的作用，这些病原体包括细菌、寄生虫和病毒。事实上，Dectin-1 信号轴已被提议作为癌症的有效治疗策略。Dectin-1 也在心脏、呼吸、肠道、神经和发育障碍中得到了阐明。作为一种防御性 PRR，Dectin-1 与其他 PRR 协同作用产生最佳的免疫反应，但总体评估加强了 Dectin-1 活性失调导致疾病发展的假说。这突显了 Dectin-1 多态性在通过缺陷性协作调节蛋白表达和产生非最佳免疫反应方面的影响，进一步强调了其治疗潜力。此外，Dectin-1 通过识别未知配体影响自身免疫和严重炎症，影响自身 T 细胞和凋亡细胞。一些报道还证明了其在感染中的冗余作用，这使得它成为一个复杂的分子，需要进一步解决。因此，Dectin-1 是一个枢纽，运行着一个复杂的协作网络，其与不同 PRR 的交互线连接仍有待揭示。或者，到目前为止，几乎所有研究人员的焦点都集中在 Dectin-1 的两种主要细胞表面同工型上，尽管其可溶性功能细胞内同工型（Dectin-1E）已经被分离出来，但仍无法定义。因此，本综述强烈建议未来的研究需要解决尚未解决的问题，并充分发挥 Dectin-1 在不同临床结果中的综合作用，然后再确定其治疗前景。
