Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Arch Iran Med. 2021 Jan 1;24(1):64-77. doi: 10.34172/aim.2021.10.
There are limited data on vascular risk factors (VRFs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This meta-analysis was completed to summarize the existing evidence on stroke risk factors (SRFs) in the Iranian population.
An electronic literature search of the databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Scientific Information Database (SID), Magiran, and IranMedex was performed to identify the related articles published up to March 2018. For categorical or continuous variables, the data were also pooled using the fixed- or the random-effect models, respectively, expressed as odds ratio (OR) or weighted mean difference (WMD).
A total of 15 articles were recruited. The risk of stroke was associated with mean age, but not gender. Among traditional VRFs, hypertension (HTN), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), diabetes mellitus (DM), and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were associated with increased risk of stroke. Apart from the high circulating levels of triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), other potential risk factors namely cigarette smoking (CS), opioid addiction (OD), and waist circumference (WC) were identified to be independent stroke determinants.
The present systematic review and meta-analysis provided a summary of the most important SRFs, which are potentially modifiable and preventable. Overall, Iran, similar to many other LMICs, is experiencing an ever-increasing rate of stroke-prone elderly people. The LMICs are thus suggested to develop national approaches to recognize and address VRFs, to monitor and control CS and OD rates, and to encourage a healthy lifestyle.
在中低收入国家（LMICs），有关血管风险因素（VRFs）的数据有限。本荟萃分析旨在总结伊朗人群中风风险因素（SRFs）的现有证据。
通过电子文献检索，包括 PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Scopus、科学信息数据库（SID）、Magiran 和 IranMedex，检索截至 2018 年 3 月发表的相关文章。对于分类或连续变量，使用固定或随机效应模型分别对数据进行汇总，结果表示为比值比（OR）或加权均数差（WMD）。
共纳入 15 篇文章。中风的风险与平均年龄有关，而与性别无关。在传统的 VRFs 中，高血压（HTN）、收缩压和舒张压（DBP）、糖尿病（DM）和空腹血糖（FBG）与中风风险增加相关。除了高循环甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、总胆固醇（TC）和低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平外，其他潜在的风险因素，如吸烟（CS）、阿片类药物成瘾（OD）和腰围（WC），被确定为独立的中风决定因素。
本系统评价和荟萃分析总结了最重要的 SRFs，这些因素是潜在可改变和可预防的。总的来说，伊朗与许多其他 LMICs 一样，中风高危人群的比例不断增加。因此，建议 LMICs 制定国家方法，以识别和处理 VRFs，监测和控制 CS 和 OD 率，并鼓励健康的生活方式。
