Department of Botany, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Punjab, 46300, Pakistan.
Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Punjab, 54000, Pakistan.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2021 Mar;105(6):2261-2275. doi: 10.1007/s00253-021-11171-8. Epub 2021 Feb 16.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) by harnessing the natural abilities of plant secondary metabolites has advantages over routine physical and chemical synthetic approaches due to their one-step experimental setup to reduce and stabilize the bulk silver into SNPs, biocompatible nature, and therapeutic significance. The unique size, shape, and biochemical functional corona of SNPs embellish them with the potential to perform therapeutic actions by adopting various mechanistic approaches including but not limited to the disruption of the electron transport chain, mitochondrial damage, DNA fragmentation, inhibition of ATP synthase activity, disorganization of the cell membrane, suspension of cellular signaling pathways, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of enzymes activity. This review elaborates the biogenic synthesis of SNPs in redox chemical reactions by using plant secondary metabolites found in plant extracts. In addition, it explains the synergistic influence of physicochemical reaction parameters such as the temperature, pH, the concentration of the AgNO, and the ratio of reactants to affect the reaction kinetics, molecular mechanics, enzymatic catalysis, and protein conformations that aid to affect the size, shape, and potential biochemical corona of nanoparticles. This review also provides up-to-date information on the mechanistic actions that embellish the plant-based SNPs, an anticancer, cytotoxic, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant potential. The mechanistic understanding of the therapeutic actions of SNPs will help in precision medicine to develop customized treatment and healthcare approaches for the welfare of the human population. KEY POINTS: • Significance of the biogenic nanoparticles • Biomedical application potential of the plant-based silver nanoparticles • Mechanism of the anticancer, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial actions of the plant-based silver nanoparticles.
利用植物次生代谢产物的天然能力来绿色合成银纳米粒子 (SNP) 优于常规物理和化学合成方法，因为它们具有一步实验设置，可以将大量银还原和稳定为 SNP，具有生物相容性和治疗意义。 SNP 的独特尺寸、形状和生物化学官能团冠使它们具有通过采用多种机制方法（包括但不限于破坏电子传递链、线粒体损伤、DNA 断裂、抑制 ATP 合酶活性、破坏细胞膜、暂停细胞信号通路、诱导细胞凋亡和抑制酶活性）发挥治疗作用的潜力。
本综述详细阐述了通过使用植物提取物中的植物次生代谢产物在氧化还原化学反应中生物合成 SNP。此外，它解释了物理化学反应参数（如温度、pH、AgNO 的浓度和反应物的比例）的协同影响，这些参数影响反应动力学、分子力学、酶催化和蛋白质构象，从而有助于影响纳米粒子的大小、形状和潜在的生化冠。
本综述还提供了有关赋予基于植物的 SNP 抗癌、细胞毒性、抗糖尿病、抗菌和抗氧化潜力的机制作用的最新信息。对 SNP 治疗作用的机制理解将有助于精准医学为人类的福利开发定制的治疗和医疗保健方法。
生物纳米粒子的意义
基于植物的银纳米粒子的生物医学应用潜力
基于植物的银纳米粒子的抗癌、抗糖尿病和抗菌作用的机制
