Advanced Nucleus of Technological Innovation (NAVI), Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Avenue Senador Salgado Filho 1559, Natal, RN, 59015-000, Brazil.
Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes (HUOL), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Campus Lagoa Nova, Natal, RN, Brazil.
Biomed Eng Online. 2021 Feb 16;20(1):21. doi: 10.1186/s12938-021-00857-9.
Over the last decades, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important molecules associated with the regulation of gene expression in humans and other organisms, expanding the strategies available to diagnose and handle several diseases. This paper presents a systematic review of literature of miRNAs related to cancer development and explores the main techniques used to quantify these molecules and their limitations as screening strategy. The bibliographic research was conducted using the online databases, PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Science Direct searching the terms "microRNA detection", "miRNA detection", "miRNA and prostate cancer", "miRNA and cervical cancer", "miRNA and cervix cancer", "miRNA and breast cancer", and "miRNA and early cancer diagnosis". Along the systematic review over 26,000 published papers were reported, and 252 papers were returned after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, which were considered during this review. The aim of this study is to identify potential miRNAs related to cancer development that may be useful for early cancer diagnosis, notably in the breast, prostate, and cervical cancers. In addition, we suggest a preliminary top 20 miRNA panel according to their relevance during the respective cancer development. Considering the progressive number of new cancer cases every year worldwide, the development of new diagnostic tools is critical to refine the accuracy of screening tests, improving the life expectancy and allowing a better prognosis for the affected patients.
在过去的几十年中，microRNAs (miRNAs) 已成为与人类和其他生物体基因表达调控相关的重要分子，为诊断和处理多种疾病提供了更多策略。本文对与癌症发展相关的 miRNAs 的文献进行了系统综述，并探讨了用于定量这些分子的主要技术及其作为筛选策略的局限性。使用在线数据库 PubMed、Google Scholar、Web of Science 和 Science Direct 进行文献检索，检索词为“microRNA detection”、“miRNA detection”、“miRNA and prostate cancer”、“miRNA and cervical cancer”、“miRNA and cervix cancer”、“miRNA and breast cancer”和“miRNA and early cancer diagnosis”。在系统综述过程中，共报道了超过 26000 篇已发表的论文，经过纳入和排除标准筛选后，有 252 篇论文被纳入本综述。本研究旨在确定与癌症发展相关的潜在 miRNAs，这些 miRNAs 可能对早期癌症诊断有用，特别是在乳腺癌、前列腺癌和宫颈癌中。此外，我们根据它们在各自癌症发展过程中的相关性，提出了一个初步的前 20 个 miRNA 面板。考虑到全球每年癌症新发病例的数量不断增加，开发新的诊断工具对于提高筛查试验的准确性至关重要，从而改善患者的预期寿命并为受影响的患者提供更好的预后。
