Jensen Benjamin A H, Holm Jacob B, Larsen Ida S, von Burg Nicole, Derer Stefanie, Sonne Si B, Pærregaard Simone I, Damgaard Mads V, Indrelid Stine A, Rivollier Aymeric, Agrinier Anne-Laure, Sulek Karolina, Arnoldussen Yke J, Fjære Even, Marette André, Angell Inga L, Rudi Knut, Treebak Jonas T, Madsen Lise, Åkesson Caroline Piercey, Agace William, Sina Christian, Kleiveland Charlotte R, Kristiansen Karsten, Lea Tor E
Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Axis of the Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Laval, QC, Canada.
Nat Commun. 2021 Feb 17;12(1):1093. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21408-9.
Interactions between host and gut microbial communities are modulated by diets and play pivotal roles in immunological homeostasis and health. We show that exchanging the protein source in a high fat, high sugar, westernized diet from casein to whole-cell lysates of the non-commensal bacterium Methylococcus capsulatus Bath is sufficient to reverse western diet-induced changes in the gut microbiota to a state resembling that of lean, low fat diet-fed mice, both under mild thermal stress (T22 °C) and at thermoneutrality (T30 °C). Concomitant with microbiota changes, mice fed the Methylococcus-based western diet exhibit improved glucose regulation, reduced body and liver fat, and diminished hepatic immune infiltration. Intake of the Methylococcu-based diet markedly boosts Parabacteroides abundances in a manner depending on adaptive immunity, and upregulates triple positive (Foxp3RORγtIL-17) regulatory T cells in the small and large intestine. Collectively, these data point to the potential for leveraging the use of McB lysates to improve immunometabolic homeostasis.
宿主与肠道微生物群落之间的相互作用受饮食调节，并在免疫稳态和健康中发挥关键作用。我们发现，在高脂肪、高糖的西式饮食中，将蛋白质来源从酪蛋白换成非共生细菌荚膜甲基球菌巴氏亚种的全细胞裂解物，足以将西式饮食引起的肠道微生物群变化逆转到类似于低脂饮食喂养的瘦小鼠的状态，无论是在轻度热应激（22°C）还是在热中性（30°C）条件下。伴随着微生物群的变化，喂食基于甲基球菌的西式饮食的小鼠表现出改善的血糖调节、减少的身体和肝脏脂肪以及减少的肝脏免疫浸润。摄入基于甲基球菌的饮食以依赖适应性免疫的方式显著提高副拟杆菌的丰度，并上调小肠和大肠中的三阳性（Foxp3RORγtIL-17）调节性T细胞。总体而言，这些数据表明利用荚膜甲基球菌裂解物改善免疫代谢稳态的潜力。
