ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Department of Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Polokwane, South Africa.
Pan Afr Med J. 2020 Nov 24;37:265. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2020.37.265.25038. eCollection 2020.
the prevalence of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) is increasing in African countries. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and correlates of multiple NCD risk factors (NCDRF) among the adult population in Zambia.
nationally representative cross-sectional data from 4,302 individuals aged 18-69 years of the "2017 Zambia STEPS survey" were analysed.
the prevalence of insufficient fruit and vegetable consumption was 90.4%, followed by overweight/obesity (24.4%), low physical activity (19.5%), hypertension (18.9%), daily tobacco use (10.7%), sedentary behaviour (8.9%), suicidal behaviour (8.5%), alcohol dependence (7.4%), raised total cholesterol (7.4%), and diabetes (6.2%). The distribution of NCDRF was 41.5% 0-1 NCDRF, 48.2% 2-3, 10.4% 4-10, and 26.7% 3-10 NCDRF. In adjusted ordinal logistic regression analysis, compared to persons aged 18-34 years, individuals aged 50-69 years were 3.58 times (AOR: 3.58, 95% CI: 3.95-4.49) more likely to have a higher number of NCDRF. Women were 24% (AOR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.03-1.49) more likely than men to have a higher number of NCDRF. Persons living in urban locations were 71% (AOR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.43-2.16) more likely than persons living in rural locations to have a higher number of NCDRF, and compared to individuals with lower than primary education, persons with more than primary education were 20% (AOR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65-0.98) less likely to have a higher number of NCDRF.
more than one in four study participants had three to ten NCDRF and several associated factors were found that can aid to target interventions.
非传染性疾病（NCDs）在非洲国家的发病率正在上升。本研究旨在评估赞比亚成年人中多种 NCD 风险因素（NCDRF）的流行率及其相关因素。
对来自“2017 年赞比亚 STEPS 调查”的 4302 名 18-69 岁的具有全国代表性的横断面数据进行分析。
水果和蔬菜摄入不足的流行率为 90.4%，其次是超重/肥胖（24.4%）、体力活动不足（19.5%）、高血压（18.9%）、每日吸烟（10.7%）、久坐行为（8.9%）、自杀行为（8.5%）、酒精依赖（7.4%）、总胆固醇升高（7.4%）和糖尿病（6.2%）。NCDRF 的分布情况为：0-1 个 NCDRF 占 41.5%，2-3 个 NCDRF 占 48.2%，4-10 个 NCDRF 占 10.4%，3-10 个 NCDRF 占 26.7%。在调整后的有序逻辑回归分析中，与 18-34 岁人群相比，50-69 岁人群有更高数量的 NCDRF 的可能性高出 3.58 倍（OR：3.58，95%CI：3.95-4.49）。女性比男性有更高数量的 NCDRF 的可能性高出 24%（OR：1.24，95%CI：1.03-1.49）。居住在城市地区的人群比居住在农村地区的人群有更高数量的 NCDRF 的可能性高出 71%（OR：1.74，95%CI：1.43-2.16），与受教育程度低于小学的人群相比，受教育程度高于小学的人群有更高数量的 NCDRF 的可能性低 20%（OR：0.80，95%CI：0.65-0.98）。
超过四分之一的研究参与者有 3 到 10 个 NCDRF，并且发现了一些相关因素，这可以帮助确定干预目标。
