Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St SE, Mayo D429, MMC 96, Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Room 421, 2001 Sixth Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455 MN, USA.
J Neurosci Methods. 2021 Apr 15;354:109100. doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109100. Epub 2021 Feb 15.
Deciphering neurologic function is a daunting task, requiring understanding the neuronal networks and emergent properties that arise from the interactions among single neurons. Mechanistic insights into neuronal networks require tools that simultaneously assess both single neuron activity and the consequent mesoscale output. The development of cranial window technologies, in which the skull is thinned or replaced with a synthetic optical interface, has enabled monitoring neuronal activity from subcellular to mesoscale resolution in awake, behaving animals when coupled with advanced microscopy techniques. Here we review recent achievements in cranial window technologies, appraise the relative merits of each design and discuss the future research in cranial window design.
破译神经功能是一项艰巨的任务，需要了解单个神经元相互作用产生的神经元网络和涌现特性。对神经元网络的机制见解需要能够同时评估单个神经元活动和随之而来的中尺度输出的工具。颅窗技术的发展，其中颅骨被变薄或用合成的光学接口代替，当与先进的显微镜技术结合使用时，使得能够在清醒、行为的动物中从亚细胞到中尺度分辨率监测神经元活动。在这里，我们回顾了颅窗技术的最新进展，评估了每种设计的相对优点，并讨论了颅窗设计的未来研究。
