Department of Biochemistry, Paulista School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Paulista School of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Biomed J. 2021 Mar;44(1):31-42. doi: 10.1016/j.bj.2020.11.009. Epub 2020 Nov 21.
The pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is receiving worldwide attention, due to the severity of the disease (COVID-19) that resulted in more than a million global deaths so far. The urgent need for vaccines and antiviral drugs is mobilizing the scientific community to develop strategies for studying the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection, replication kinetics, pathogenesis, host-virus interaction, and infection inhibition. In this work, we review the strategies of tissue engineering in the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) models used in virology studies, which presented many advantages over conventional cell cultures, such as complex cytoarchitecture and a more physiological microenvironment. Scaffold-free (spheroids and organoids) and scaffold-based (3D scaffolding and 3D bioprinting) approach allow the biofabrication of more realistic models relevant to the pandemic, to be used as in vitro platforms for the development of new vaccines and therapies against COVID-19.
由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的大流行引起了全世界的关注，因为由此导致的疾病（COVID-19）迄今已在全球造成超过 100 万人死亡。对疫苗和抗病毒药物的迫切需求促使科学界制定研究 SARS-CoV-2 感染、复制动力学、发病机制、宿主-病毒相互作用和感染抑制机制的策略。在这项工作中，我们回顾了组织工程在病毒学研究中制造三维（3D）模型的策略，这些策略与传统细胞培养相比具有许多优势，例如复杂的细胞结构和更生理的微环境。无支架（球体和类器官）和支架（3D 支架和 3D 生物打印）方法允许生物制造更符合大流行实际情况的模型，用作开发针对 COVID-19 的新疫苗和疗法的体外平台。
