Division of Cardiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
Int J Biol Sci. 2021 Jan 1;17(2):402-416. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.53419. eCollection 2021.
Glucose and lipids are important nutrients that provide the majority of energy for each organ to maintain homeostasis of the body. With the continuous improvement in living standards, the incidence of metabolic disorder-associated diseases, such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis, is increasing worldwide. Among them, diabetes, which could be induced by both glucose and lipid metabolic disorders, is one of the five diseases with the highest incidence and mortality worldwide. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying glucose and lipid metabolism disorders and target-organ damage are still not fully defined. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs, which usually affect their target mRNAs in the cytoplasm by post-transcriptional regulation. Previously, we have found that miR-320 contributed to glucose and lipid metabolism via different signaling pathways. Most importantly, we identified that nuclear miR-320 mediated diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction by activating the transcription of fatty acid metabolic genes to cause lipotoxicity in the heart. Here, we reviewed the roles of miR-320 in glucose and lipid metabolism and target-organ damage.
葡萄糖和脂质是重要的营养物质，为每个器官提供维持身体内环境稳定的大部分能量。随着生活水平的不断提高，代谢紊乱相关疾病（如糖尿病、高脂血症和动脉粥样硬化）的发病率在全球范围内不断上升。其中，糖尿病可由葡萄糖和脂质代谢紊乱引起，是全球发病率和死亡率最高的五大疾病之一。然而，葡萄糖和脂质代谢紊乱以及靶器官损伤的详细分子机制仍未完全明确。微小 RNA（miRNA）是小的、非编码的单链 RNA，通常通过转录后调控影响其靶 mRNA。以前，我们发现 miR-320 通过不同的信号通路参与葡萄糖和脂质代谢。最重要的是，我们发现核 miR-320 通过激活脂肪酸代谢基因的转录导致心脏中的脂毒性来介导糖尿病引起的心脏功能障碍。在这里，我们综述了 miR-320 在葡萄糖和脂质代谢及靶器官损伤中的作用。
