Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
J Mater Chem B. 2021 Mar 11;9(9):2179-2188. doi: 10.1039/d0tb02190c.
Redox-responsive polymeric nanomaterials (PNMs) have been attractive research targets for drug delivery systems because disturbed levels of redox molecules are associated with the progression of various diseases. To enable PNMs to target biorelevant redox molecules, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), appropriate responsive moieties have to be installed within the polymer structure. Upon application of redox stimuli, redox-responsive PNMs undergo structural changes to release encapsulated payloads. Chalcogen ether, thioketal and arylboronic ester have been widely incorporated into the structure of ROS-responsive PNMs. While disulfide is commonly utilized in GSH-responsive PNMs, azide is a newly explored responsive motif targeting H2S selectively. Diselenide, on the other hand, is a group susceptible to both oxidative and reducing conditions and therefore it has been exploited in dual redox-responsive PNMs. Here, we review PNMs, mainly reported in the last four years, that contain these redox-responsive moieties for controlled payload release.
氧化还原响应性聚合物纳米材料（PNMs）一直是药物传递系统的热门研究目标，因为氧化还原分子水平的紊乱与各种疾病的发展有关。为了使 PNMs能够靶向生物相关的氧化还原分子，包括活性氧（ROS）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）和硫化氢（H2S），必须在聚合物结构中安装适当的响应性部分。在施加氧化还原刺激时，氧化还原响应性 PNMs 会发生结构变化以释放封装的有效载荷。硫醚、硫缩酮和芳基硼酸酯已广泛纳入 ROS 响应性 PNMs 的结构中。虽然二硫键通常用于 GSH 响应性 PNMs，但叠氮化物是一种新探索的针对 H2S 的选择性响应基序。另一方面，二硒化物易受氧化和还原条件的影响，因此它被用于双重氧化还原响应性 PNMs 中。在这里，我们综述了近四年来主要报道的包含这些氧化还原响应性部分的 PNMs，用于控制有效载荷的释放。
