Institute of Nutrition & Health, College of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Perth, Australia.
Food Funct. 2021 Mar 15;12(5):2312-2322. doi: 10.1039/d0fo03051a.
Sandalwood (santalum spicatum) seed oil (SSO) is rich in ximenynic acid. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of SSO on high-fat/high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) induced insulin resistance (IR) in comparison with fish oil (FO), sunflower oil (SO) and linseed oil (LO). Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five dietary groups: standard chow diet (controls), HFHSD plus 7% SSO, HFHSD plus 7% FO, HFHSD plus 7% SO and HFHSD plus 7% LO. After 12 weeks of feeding, the rats were sacrificed, and the serum parameters, hepatic lipids and underlying molecular mechanisms were studied. SSO, FO or LO significantly prevented glucose intolerance, hyperglycaemia, obesity, and hepatic lipid accumulation, and decreased the homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) and the serum levels of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α) compared with SO. In addition, SSO activated the PI3K/AKT insulin signaling pathway and down-regulated the JNK/NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway in the liver. In summary, our results proved that SSO exerted an ameliorative effect on IR by regulating the hepatic inflammation related blockage of the insulin signaling pathway in the rats.
檀香（檀香）籽油（SSO）富含西门尼酸。本研究旨在研究与鱼油（FO）、葵花籽油（SO）和亚麻籽油（LO）相比，SSO 对高脂肪/高蔗糖饮食（HFHSD）诱导的胰岛素抵抗（IR）的影响。50 只雄性 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠随机分为五组：标准饲料（对照）、HFHSD 加 7% SSO、HFHSD 加 7% FO、HFHSD 加 7% SO 和 HFHSD 加 7% LO。喂养 12 周后，处死大鼠，研究血清参数、肝脂质和潜在的分子机制。与 SO 相比，SSO、FO 或 LO 显著预防葡萄糖不耐受、高血糖、肥胖和肝脂质积累，并降低了稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）和血清炎症因子（IL-6、IL-1β 和 TNF-α）水平。此外，SSO 激活了肝脏中的 PI3K/AKT 胰岛素信号通路，并下调了 JNK/NF-κB 炎症信号通路。总之，我们的结果证明 SSO 通过调节与胰岛素信号通路相关的肝炎症来改善大鼠的 IR。
