Hospital of Pushchino Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, 142290, Russia.
Department of Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Pushchino, 142290, Russia.
J Immunol Res. 2021 Feb 12;2021:1762584. doi: 10.1155/2021/1762584. eCollection 2021.
Systemic inflammation plays a crucial role in formation of various pathological conditions, including sepsis, burns, and traumas. The main effector cells participating in progression of systemic inflammation response and sepsis are monocytes, which regulate both innate and acquired immunity via phagocytosis, synthesis of cytokines and chemokines, antigen presentation, and lymphocyte activation. Thus, the monocytes are considered as a link between innate and acquired immunity. The monocyte subpopulations taken into consideration in the study essentially determine the progression of systemic inflammation and could serve as targets for therapeutic intervention. The complexity of the analysis of pathophysiology of systemic inflammation lies in its high variability conditioned by individual peculiarities of the patients and inflammation progression specifications. To overcome these limitation, model of experimental endotoxemia (EE) is used. The results of EE, in turn, cannot be directly extrapolated on patients with the systemic inflammatory response. This review is dedicated to discussing the role of monocyte subpopulations in progression of systemic inflammation/sepsis and EE.
系统性炎症在各种病理状况的形成中起着关键作用，包括脓毒症、烧伤和创伤。参与系统性炎症反应和脓毒症进展的主要效应细胞是单核细胞，它们通过吞噬作用、细胞因子和趋化因子的合成、抗原呈递和淋巴细胞激活来调节先天和获得性免疫。因此，单核细胞被认为是先天免疫和获得性免疫之间的联系。在研究中考虑的单核细胞亚群基本上决定了系统性炎症的进展，并可以作为治疗干预的靶点。系统性炎症病理生理学分析的复杂性在于其高度可变性，这取决于患者的个体特点和炎症进展的具体情况。为了克服这些限制，使用了实验性内毒素血症 (EE) 模型。EE 的结果反过来又不能直接外推到具有全身炎症反应的患者身上。本文综述了单核细胞亚群在系统性炎症/脓毒症和 EE 进展中的作用。
