尼泊尔移民在日的社会感知支持对心理困扰和生活满意度的影响。
The effect of perceived social support on psychological distress and life satisfaction among Nepalese migrants in Japan.
机构信息
Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan.
Graduate School of Public Health, International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara, Japan.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2021 Feb 26;16(2):e0246271. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246271. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
The world is becoming individualized due to modernization. International migration is one of the factors that lead to family dissociation and a lack of social support. Social support is viewed as a crucial factor that contributes to psychological well-being and satisfaction with life among migrants. However, very little is known about the impacts of social support on psychological distress and satisfaction with life among migrants. Therefore, we conducted this study to assess the association of perceived social support with psychological distress and satisfaction with life among Nepalese migrants, and we evaluated the factors associated with receiving social support.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study conducted with a convenience sample of Nepalese migrants (N = 249) living in Tokyo. Self-administered online questionnaires were distributed using social networks and chain referral methods. The measures included the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the General Health Questionnaire, and Satisfaction with Life Scale. Descriptive analysis, Pearson's correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analyses were performed using SPSS ver. 25.
RESULTS
The mean (SD) age of the respondents was 31.8 years old (7.3). The family, friends, and significant others subscales of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support were negatively correlated with psychological distress (p<0.01). The family subscale was positively correlated with satisfaction with life (p<0.05), and the friend and significant others subscales were positively correlated with satisfaction with life (p<0.01). Social support from the family was significantly and negatively associated with the type of visa (Beta = -0.160, p = 0.049), and marital status was negatively associated with support from significant others (Beta = -0.175, p = 0.024).
CONCLUSION
Social support from family, friends, and significant others was found to be influential in decreasing psychological distress and increasing satisfaction with life among Nepalese migrants in Tokyo. Strengthing social support system through the expansion of interpersonal network may help minimize the psychological distress.
背景
由于现代化的发展，世界变得个体化。国际移民是导致家庭解体和缺乏社会支持的因素之一。社会支持被视为移民心理健康和生活满意度的关键因素。然而，对于社会支持对移民的心理困扰和生活满意度的影响知之甚少。因此，我们进行了这项研究，以评估尼泊尔移民的感知社会支持与心理困扰和生活满意度之间的关系，并评估了与获得社会支持相关的因素。
方法
这是一项横断面研究，采用便利样本，对居住在东京的 249 名尼泊尔移民进行了调查。使用社交网络和链式转诊方法分发了自我管理的在线问卷。测量工具包括多维感知社会支持量表、一般健康问卷和生活满意度量表。使用 SPSS 版本 25 进行描述性分析、皮尔逊相关分析和多元线性回归分析。
结果
受访者的平均（SD）年龄为 31.8 岁（7.3）。多维感知社会支持量表的家庭、朋友和重要他人分量表与心理困扰呈负相关（p<0.01）。家庭分量表与生活满意度呈正相关（p<0.05），朋友和重要他人分量表与生活满意度呈正相关（p<0.01）。家庭的社会支持与签证类型显著负相关（Beta = -0.160，p = 0.049），婚姻状况与来自重要他人的支持负相关（Beta = -0.175，p = 0.024）。
结论
家庭、朋友和重要他人的社会支持对减少东京尼泊尔移民的心理困扰和提高生活满意度有影响。通过扩大人际关系网络来加强社会支持系统，可能有助于最大限度地减少心理困扰。
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