Biochemistry and Nutrition Division, ICAR- Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, India.
Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology, Biochemistry, CUSAT, Cochin, India.
J Sci Food Agric. 2021 Sep;101(12):5264-5271. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.11175. Epub 2021 Mar 17.
Anthocyanins are flavonoids that are potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and anti-carcinogenic nutraceutical ingredients. However, low chemical stability and low bioavailability limit the use of anthocyanins in food. Nanoencapsulation using biopolymers is a recent successful strategy for stabilization of anthocyanins. This study reports the development, characterization, and antioxidant activity of black carrot anthocyanin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (ACNPs).
The ionic gelation technique yielded the ACNPs. The mean hydrodynamic diameter d and polydispersity index PDI of chitosan nanoparticles and ACNPs were found to be d = 455 nm and PDI = 0.542 respectively for chitosan nanoparticles and d = 274 nm and PDI = 0.376 respectively for ACNPs. The size distribution was bimodal. The surface topography revealed that the ACNPs are spherical and display a coacervate structure. Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed physicochemical interactions of anthocyanins with chitosan. The loading process could achieve an encapsulation efficiency of 70%. The flow behavior index η of encapsulated ACNPs samples revealed Newtonian and shear thickening characteristics. There was a marginal reduction in the in vitro antioxidant potential of anthocyanins after nanoencapsulation, as evidenced from 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assays. Interestingly, the in vivo antioxidant potential of anthocyanins improved following nanoencapsulation, as observed in the serum antioxidant assays.
The optimized nanoencapsulation process resulted in spherical nanoparticles with appreciable encapsulation efficiency. The nanoencapsulation process improved the in vivo antioxidant activity of anthocyanins, indicating enhanced stability and bioavailability. The promising antioxidant activity of the ACNPs suggests a potential for utilization as a nutraceutical supplement. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
花色苷是一种具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗肥胖和抗癌作用的功能性营养成分。然而，花色苷化学稳定性差、生物利用度低，限制了其在食品中的应用。使用生物聚合物进行纳米胶囊化是稳定花色苷的一种最新策略。本研究报告了负载黑胡萝卜花色苷的壳聚糖纳米颗粒（ACNPs）的开发、表征和抗氧化活性。
采用离子凝胶技术制备 ACNPs。壳聚糖纳米颗粒和 ACNPs 的平均水动力直径 d 和多分散指数 PDI 分别为壳聚糖纳米颗粒 d = 455nm 和 PDI = 0.542，ACNPs d = 274nm 和 PDI = 0.376。粒径分布呈双峰分布。表面形貌显示 ACNPs 为球形，呈现凝聚结构。傅里叶变换红外分析表明花色苷与壳聚糖之间存在物理化学相互作用。负载过程可达到 70%的包封效率。包封 ACNPs 样品的流动行为指数 η 呈现牛顿和剪切变稠特性。体外抗氧化能力测定表明，纳米胶囊化后花色苷的体外抗氧化能力略有降低，2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼基（DPPH）、铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）和 2,2'-联氮-双-（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）（ABTS）测定均证实了这一点。有趣的是，纳米胶囊化后花色苷的体内抗氧化能力提高，血清抗氧化测定结果也证实了这一点。
优化的纳米胶囊化工艺得到了具有可观包封效率的球形纳米颗粒。纳米胶囊化工艺提高了花色苷的体内抗氧化活性，表明其稳定性和生物利用度得到了提高。ACNPs 具有有前景的抗氧化活性，提示其可能作为一种营养保健品被利用。© 2021 化学学会。
