State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
J Integr Plant Biol. 2021 Jul;63(7):1197-1210. doi: 10.1111/jipb.13087. Epub 2021 Apr 1.
The tremendous functional, spatial, and temporal diversity of the plant proteome is regulated by multiple factors that continuously modify protein abundance, modifications, interactions, localization, and activity to meet the dynamic needs of plants. Dissecting the proteome complexity and its underlying genetic variation is attracting increasing research attention. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has become a powerful approach in the global study of protein functions and their relationships on a systems level. Here, we review recent breakthroughs and strategies adopted to unravel the diversity of the proteome, with a specific focus on the methods used to analyze posttranslational modifications (PTMs), protein localization, and the organization of proteins into functional modules. We also consider PTM crosstalk and multiple PTMs temporally regulating the life cycle of proteins. Finally, we discuss recent quantitative studies using MS to measure protein turnover rates and examine future directions in the study of the plant proteome.
植物蛋白质组的巨大功能、空间和时间多样性受到多种因素的调节，这些因素不断修饰蛋白质的丰度、修饰、相互作用、定位和活性，以满足植物的动态需求。解析蛋白质组的复杂性及其潜在的遗传变异正吸引着越来越多的研究关注。基于质谱（MS）的蛋白质组学已成为在系统水平上研究蛋白质功能及其相互关系的一种强大方法。在这里，我们回顾了最近的突破和采用的策略，以揭示蛋白质组的多样性，特别关注用于分析翻译后修饰（PTMs）、蛋白质定位和蛋白质功能模块组织的方法。我们还考虑了 PTM 串扰和多个 PTM 对蛋白质生命周期的时间调节。最后，我们讨论了最近使用 MS 进行定量研究来测量蛋白质周转率的情况，并探讨了植物蛋白质组研究的未来方向。
