Kabali Emmanuel, Pandey Girja Shanker, Munyeme Musso, Kapila Penjaninge, Mukubesa Andrew Nalishuwa, Ndebe Joseph, Muma John Bwalya, Mubita Charles, Muleya Walter, Muonga Elizabeth Muligisa, Mitoma Shuya, Hang'ombe Bernard Mudenda, Wiratsudakul Anuwat, Ngan Mai Thi, Elhanafy Eslam, Daous Hala El, Huyen Nguyen Thi, Yamazaki Wataru, Okabayashi Tamaki, Abe Maiku, Norimine Junzo, Sekiguchi Satoshi
Quality Assurance Unit, Director General's Office, Zambia Medicines Regulatory Authority, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.
Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2021 Feb 26;10(3):238. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10030238.
A cross-sectional study was used to identify and assess prevalence and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of and other enterobacteria isolated from healthy wildlife and livestock cohabiting at a 10,000 acres game ranch near Lusaka, Zambia. Purposive sampling was used to select wildlife and livestock based on similarities in behavior, grazing habits and close interactions with humans. Isolates ( = 66) from fecal samples collected between April and August 2018 ( = 84) were examined following modified protocols for bacteria isolation, biochemical identification, molecular detection, phylogenetic analysis, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing by disc diffusion method. Data were analyzed using R software, Genetyx ver.12 and Mega 6. Using Applied Profile Index 20E kit for biochemical identification, polymerase chain reaction assay and sequencing, sixty-six isolates were identified to species level, of which (72.7%, 48/66), (1.5%, 1/66), (22.7%, 14/66), (1.5%, 1/66) and (1.5%, 1/66), and their relationships were illustrated in a phylogenetic tree. Phenotypic antimicrobial resistance or intermediate sensitivity expression to at least one antimicrobial agent was detected in 89.6% of the , and 73.3% of the isolates. The isolates exhibited the highest resistance rates to ampicillin (27%), ceftazidime (14.3%), cefotaxime (9.5%), and kanamycin (9.5%). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was detected in 18.8% of isolates while only 13.3% isolates showed MDR. The MDR was detected among isolates from impala and ostrich (wild animals in which no antimicrobial treatment was used), and in isolates from cattle, pigs, and goats (domesticated animals). This study indicates the possible transmission of drug-resistant microorganisms between animals cohabiting at the wildlife-livestock interface. It emphasizes the need for further investigation of the role of wildlife in the development and transmission of AMR, which is an issue of global concern.
一项横断面研究用于鉴定和评估从赞比亚卢萨卡附近一个10000英亩的狩猎牧场中共同生活的健康野生动物和家畜身上分离出的大肠杆菌及其他肠杆菌的流行情况和表型抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）特征。基于行为、放牧习惯以及与人类的密切互动等方面的相似性，采用目的抽样法选择野生动物和家畜。按照修改后的细菌分离、生化鉴定、分子检测、系统发育分析以及纸片扩散法进行抗菌药物敏感性测试的方案，对2018年4月至8月间采集的粪便样本中的分离株（n = 66）进行检测，这些粪便样本来自84只动物。使用R软件、Genetyx ver.12和Mega 6对数据进行分析。使用Applied Profile Index 20E试剂盒进行生化鉴定、聚合酶链反应分析和测序，66株分离株被鉴定到种水平，其中大肠杆菌（72.7%，48/66）、肺炎克雷伯菌（1.5%，1/66）、阴沟肠杆菌（22.7%，14/66）、产气肠杆菌（1.5%，1/66）和奇异变形杆菌（1.5%，1/66），并在系统发育树中展示了它们之间的关系。在89.6%的大肠杆菌分离株和73.3%的其他分离株中检测到对至少一种抗菌药物的表型抗菌药物耐药性或中度敏感性表达。大肠杆菌分离株对氨苄西林（27%）、头孢他啶（14.3%）、头孢噻肟（9.5%）和卡那霉素（9.5%）的耐药率最高。18.8%的大肠杆菌分离株检测到多重耐药（MDR），而只有13.3%的其他分离株显示多重耐药。在黑斑羚和鸵鸟（未使用抗菌药物治疗的野生动物）的分离株以及牛、猪和山羊（家养动物）的分离株中检测到多重耐药。这项研究表明在野生动物 - 家畜界面共同生活的动物之间可能存在耐药微生物的传播。它强调需要进一步研究野生动物在AMR的发生和传播中的作用，这是一个全球关注的问题。
