Lim You Jin, Kwon Soon-Jae, Qu Shanshan, Kim Dong-Gun, Eom Seok Hyun
Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Institute of Life Sciences & Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea.
Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup 56212, Korea.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Feb 26;10(3):353. doi: 10.3390/antiox10030353.
The development of soybean with high antioxidant activities for use in the food and cosmetics industries is a target of breeding programs. In soybean, antioxidants are associated with seed color, although the metabolic basis for seed coloration remains incompletely understood. We selected six γ-ray-induced mutant lines that exhibited black, partially black, brown, partially brown, or yellowish-white pigmentation in the seed coat. Antioxidant activity and contents of anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, and isoflavones were evaluated in the seed coat and cotyledons. The lines with black or brown seeds showed the highest antioxidant activities. The cotyledons showed no significant differences in seed coat components or antioxidant activities among lines. Black and brown seed coat components showed the highest antioxidant activities. The black seed coat contained five anthocyanins, whereas seed coats of brown- and yellow-seeded lines entirely lacked anthocyanins. Both black and brown seeds were rich in flavan-3-ols, including catechin and epicatechin, which were the predominant antioxidant contributors in brown seeds. Isoflavone contents showed weaker correlations with antioxidant activity than anthocyanins and flavan-3-ols. These results demonstrated that antioxidant activities were determined by anthocyanins in black seeds and flavan-3-ols in brown and black seeds, whereas relatively low antioxidant activities in yellow seeds reflected their high isoflavone contents.
培育具有高抗氧化活性、用于食品和化妆品行业的大豆是育种计划的一个目标。在大豆中，抗氧化剂与种子颜色有关，尽管种子着色的代谢基础仍未完全了解。我们选择了六个γ射线诱导的突变系，它们的种皮呈现黑色、部分黑色、棕色、部分棕色或黄白色色素沉着。对种皮和子叶中的抗氧化活性以及花青素、黄烷-3-醇和异黄酮的含量进行了评估。黑色或棕色种子的品系表现出最高的抗氧化活性。各品系子叶在种皮成分或抗氧化活性方面没有显著差异。黑色和棕色种皮成分表现出最高的抗氧化活性。黑色种皮含有五种花青素，而棕色和黄色种子品系的种皮完全不含花青素。黑色和棕色种子都富含黄烷-3-醇，包括儿茶素和表儿茶素，它们是棕色种子中主要的抗氧化成分。异黄酮含量与抗氧化活性的相关性比花青素和黄烷-3-醇弱。这些结果表明，黑色种子中的抗氧化活性由花青素决定，棕色和黑色种子中的抗氧化活性由黄烷-3-醇决定，而黄色种子中相对较低的抗氧化活性反映了它们较高的异黄酮含量。
