Department of Psychology, Comillas Pontifical University, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 3;16(3):e0246875. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246875. eCollection 2021.
In the present study, the relationship between family functioning, differentiation of self and trait anxiety was examined. In addition, differences in trait anxiety and differentiation of self according to sex were studied. It was also checked whether family functioning predicted the achieved degree of differentiation of self, and whether family functioning and differentiation of self predicted the level of trait anxiety. Finally, it was analyzed whether the level of differentiation of self mediated the relationship between family functioning and trait anxiety.
The study involved 185 Spanish participants, aged between 18 and 56 years and the scales used were the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale-20Esp (FACES-20Esp), the Differentiation of Self Scale (EDS) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI).
The results indicated that family functioning was related to differentiation of self and trait anxiety, and that differentiation of self was related to trait anxiety. In addition, according to sex, differences were found in the degree of differentiation of self and in the I Position, with a higher score for men, as well as in Emotional Reactivity and trait anxiety, with higher scores for women. It was also observed that family functioning predicted the level of differentiation of self, and that differentiation of self and family functioning predicted trait anxiety. Finally, it was found that the relationship between family functioning and trait anxiety was partially mediated by differentiation of self.
There are relationships between family functioning, differentiation of self and trait anxiety, and there are differences in differentiation of self and trait anxiety based on sex. The relevance of the results and their implications for clinical practice are discussed.
本研究考察了家庭功能、自我分化和特质焦虑之间的关系。此外，还研究了性别差异对特质焦虑和自我分化的影响。还检查了家庭功能是否能预测自我分化的程度，以及家庭功能和自我分化是否能预测特质焦虑的水平。最后，还分析了自我分化是否在家庭功能与特质焦虑之间起中介作用。
研究对象为 185 名年龄在 18 至 56 岁之间的西班牙参与者，使用的量表包括家庭适应和凝聚力评估量表-20 西班牙语版（FACES-20Esp）、自我分化量表（EDS）和状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）。
结果表明，家庭功能与自我分化和特质焦虑有关，自我分化与特质焦虑有关。此外，根据性别，自我分化的程度和 I 位存在差异，男性得分较高，情绪反应和特质焦虑也存在差异，女性得分较高。还观察到家庭功能预测自我分化的水平，自我分化和家庭功能预测特质焦虑。最后，发现家庭功能与特质焦虑之间的关系部分由自我分化介导。
家庭功能、自我分化和特质焦虑之间存在关系，性别差异对自我分化和特质焦虑有影响。讨论了结果的相关性及其对临床实践的意义。
