Younesi Saeid, Rabbani Alireza, Clemente Filipe Manuel, Silva Rui, Sarmento Hugo, Figueiredo António José
University of Coimbra, Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Coimbra, Portugal.
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
Front Physiol. 2021 Feb 16;12:649870. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.649870. eCollection 2021.
The purposes of this study were (1) to analyze between-session variations of external and internal load measures during small-sided games (SSGs) and (2) to test the relationships between the maximum speed reached (V) during the last stage of the 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test, hemoglobin levels, and training load measures during SSG intervals among professional soccer players. Sixteen professional soccer players (mean ± SD; age 27.2 ± 3.4 years, height 174.2 ± 3.6 cm, body mass 69.1 ± 6.4 kg, and body fat 10.4 ± 4.1%) participated in this study. Hemoglobin and aerobic performance were first tested, and then a 3-week SSG program was applied using a 3 vs. 3 format. During those 3 weeks, internal and external load of entire sessions were also monitored for all training sessions. Trivial-to-small, standardized differences were observed between sessions for external and internal measures during SSGs. Total distance (TD) and mechanical work (MW) were the only variables that indicated small changes. Large-to-very-large relationships were found between V and external loads: TD ( range: 0.69; 0.87), high-intensity running (HIR; range: 0.66; 0.75), and MW ( range: 0.56; 0.68). Moderate-to-large negative relationships were found between hemoglobin levels and internal loads: Edwards' TRIMP ( range: -0.36; -0.63), %HR ( range: -0.50; -0.61), and red zone ( range: -0.50; -0.61). V had unclear relationships with overall internal loads, while hemoglobin levels presented unclear relationships with overall external loads. In conclusion, no meaningful changes were found between sessions considering the format of play used. Additionally, the detected relationships indicate that V and hemoglobin levels are good indicators of the performance capacity and physiological profile of players during SSGs. Also, the use of SSGs protocols as a monitoring complement of the 30-15 is suggested.
（1）分析小型比赛（SSG）期间外部和内部负荷指标的组间差异；（2）测试职业足球运动员在30-15间歇体能测试最后阶段达到的最大速度（V）、血红蛋白水平与SSG间歇期间训练负荷指标之间的关系。16名职业足球运动员（平均值±标准差；年龄27.2±3.4岁，身高174.2±3.6厘米，体重69.1±6.4千克，体脂10.4±4.1%）参与了本研究。首先测试血红蛋白和有氧能力，然后采用3对3的形式进行为期3周的SSG计划。在这3周内，还对所有训练课的整个时段的内部和外部负荷进行了监测。在SSG期间，外部和内部指标在各训练课之间观察到微小到小的标准化差异。总距离（TD）和机械功（MW）是仅显示微小变化的变量。V与外部负荷之间存在大到非常大的关系：TD（范围：0.69；0.87）、高强度跑步（HIR；范围：0.66；0.75）和MW（范围：0.56；0.68）。血红蛋白水平与内部负荷之间存在中等至大的负相关关系：爱德华兹的TRIMP（范围：-0.36；-0.63）、%HR（范围：-0.50；-0.61）和红色区域（范围：-0.50；-0.61）。V与总体内部负荷的关系不明确，而血红蛋白水平与总体外部负荷的关系也不明确。总之，考虑到所采用的比赛形式，各训练课之间未发现有意义的变化。此外，检测到的关系表明，V和血红蛋白水平是球员在SSG期间表现能力和生理特征的良好指标。此外，建议使用SSG方案作为30-15测试的监测补充。
