Lutfia Anisa, Munir Erman, Yurnaliza Yurnaliza, Basyuni Mohammad
Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia.
Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia.
Heliyon. 2021 Feb 16;7(2):e06292. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06292. eCollection 2021 Feb.
Baker is one of the native Zingiberaceous species in a tropical forest of North Sumatra, Indonesia. Zingiberaceous species have been intensively studied and reported as herbal ingredients in ethnomedicine and currently their endophytic fungal associates were studied for pharmacological importance. Fifteen endophytic fungi were isolated from following morphological and molecular characterization. All isolates exhibited antibacterial properties to at least one of the tested pathogenic bacteria , Methicilin-resistant (MRSA), and Enteropathogenic (EPEC). The isolate, identified as strain Zg15SU (syn. Mont.) based on its rDNA/ITS sequence, displayed antibacterial activities to all tested pathogens. The EtOAc extract of the Zg15SU showed the highest activity for gram-negative bacteria, the and , while the extract of rhizome displayed activity only for . The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS) indicated a major portion of similar compounds found in both the endophytic fungus and plant extract, revealing the compounds of oleic acid, cyclononasiloxane, octadecamethyl, and eicosanoic acid Furthermore, purification and structural elucidation on the EtOAc extract of both rhizome and Zg15SU yielded two bioactive compounds: a novel compound, griffithiiene, a terpenoid-alkaloid bearing the skeleton of a scalarane (1) and scalaradial (2) which were confirmed by H- (500 MHz) and C-NMR (125 MHz) spectroscopy. Importantly, the elucidated compounds showed a cytotoxicity activity against cancer cell lines, the Panc-1, NBT-T2, and HCT116 based on in vitro MTT proliferation assay. This is the first report of harboring an endophytic fungus, , which produced potential antibacterial and anticancer metabolites along with its host to be utilized for future prospects.
贝克氏姜是印度尼西亚北苏门答腊热带森林中的本土姜科物种之一。姜科物种作为民族医学中的草药成分已得到深入研究和报道，目前对其内生真菌共生体的药理重要性也进行了研究。通过形态学和分子特征鉴定，从该植物中分离出了15种内生真菌。所有分离株对至少一种测试的病原菌，即耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和肠致病性大肠杆菌（EPEC）均表现出抗菌特性。基于其rDNA/ITS序列鉴定为菌株Zg15SU（同义词Mont.）的分离株，对所有测试病原体均表现出抗菌活性。Zg15SU的乙酸乙酯提取物对革兰氏阴性菌，即大肠杆菌和肺炎克雷伯菌显示出最高活性，而根茎提取物仅对肺炎克雷伯菌有活性。气相色谱-质谱分析（GC-MS）表明，内生真菌和植物提取物中发现了大部分相似的化合物，包括油酸、环壬硅氧烷、十八甲基环壬硅氧烷和二十烷酸。此外，对根茎和Zg15SU的乙酸乙酯提取物进行纯化和结构解析，得到了两种生物活性化合物：一种新型化合物，griffithiiene，一种具有scalarane（1）和scalaradial（2）骨架的萜类生物碱，通过氢（500 MHz）和碳核磁共振（125 MHz）光谱得到证实。重要的是，基于体外MTT增殖试验，所解析的化合物对癌细胞系Panc-1、NBT-T2和HCT116显示出细胞毒性活性。这是关于贝克氏姜内生真菌Zg15SU的首次报道，该内生真菌与其宿主一起产生了潜在的抗菌和抗癌代谢产物，可用于未来的研究。
