Keihan Shokooh Mahsa, Emami Fakhrossadat, Jeong Jee-Heon, Yook Simmyung
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran.
College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea.
Pharmaceutics. 2021 Feb 22;13(2):287. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020287.
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) with poor prognosis and aggressive nature accounts for 10-20% of all invasive breast cancer (BC) cases and is detected in as much as 15% of individuals diagnosed with BC. Currently, due to the absence of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) receptor, there is no hormone-based therapy for TNBC. In addition, there are still no FDA-approved targeted therapies for patients with TNBC. TNBC treatment is challenging owing to poor prognosis, tumor heterogeneity, chemotherapeutic side effects, the chance of metastasis, and multiple drug-resistance. Therefore, various bio-inspired tumor-homing nano systems responding to intra- and extra- cellular stimuli are an urgent need to treat TNBC patients who do not respond to current chemotherapy. In this review, intensive efforts have been made for exploring cell-membrane coated nanoparticles and immune cell-targeted nanoparticles (immunotherapy) to modulate the tumor microenvironment and deliver accurate amounts of therapeutic agents to TNBC without stimulating the immune system.
三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）预后较差且侵袭性强，占所有浸润性乳腺癌（BC）病例的10%-20%，在所有确诊为BC的患者中，有多达15%被检测出患有TNBC。目前，由于缺乏雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）和人表皮生长因子2（HER2）受体，TNBC没有基于激素的治疗方法。此外，对于TNBC患者，目前仍没有获得美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的靶向治疗方法。TNBC的治疗具有挑战性，原因在于其预后较差、肿瘤异质性、化疗副作用、转移风险以及多重耐药性。因此，迫切需要各种响应细胞内外刺激的仿生肿瘤归巢纳米系统，以治疗对当前化疗无反应的TNBC患者。在这篇综述中，人们已做出大量努力来探索细胞膜包覆纳米颗粒和免疫细胞靶向纳米颗粒（免疫疗法），以调节肿瘤微环境，并在不刺激免疫系统的情况下，将精确数量的治疗剂递送至TNBC。
