Institute of Occupational Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
Independent researcher in occupational health, 10245 Berlin, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 20;18(4):2071. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18042071.
Technostress is a widespread model used to study negative effects of using information communication technologies at work. The aim of this review is to assess the role of socioeconomic position (SEP) in research on work-related technostress. We conducted systematic searches in multidisciplinary databases (PubMed, PubMed Central, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycInfo, PsycArticles) in June 2020 and independently screened 321 articles against eligibility criteria (working population, technostress exposure, health or work outcome, quantitative design). Of the 21 studies included in the narrative synthesis, three studies did not collect data on SEP, while 18 studies operationalised SEP as education (eight), job position (five), SEP itself (two) or both education as well as job position (three). Findings regarding differences by SEP are inconclusive, with evidence of high SEP reporting more frequent exposure to overall technostress. In a subsample of 11 studies reporting data on educational attainment, we compared the percentage of university graduates to World Bank national statistics and found that workers with high SEP are overrepresented in nine of 11 studies. The resulting socioeconomic sampling bias limits the scope of the technostress model to high SEP occupations. The lack of findings regarding differences by SEP in technostress can partly be attributed to limitations in study designs. Studies should aim to reduce the heterogeneity of technostress and SEP measures to improve external validity and generalisability across socioeconomic groups. Future research on technostress would benefit from developing context-sensitive SEP measures and quality appraisal tools that identify socioeconomic sampling biases by comparing data to national statistics.
技术压力是一种广泛使用的模型，用于研究在工作中使用信息通信技术的负面影响。本综述的目的是评估社会经济地位（SEP）在与工作相关的技术压力研究中的作用。我们于 2020 年 6 月在多学科数据库（PubMed、PubMed Central、Web of Science、Scopus、PsycInfo、PsycArticles）中进行了系统搜索，并根据入选标准（工作人群、技术压力暴露、健康或工作结果、定量设计）独立筛选了 321 篇文章。在纳入叙述性综合分析的 21 项研究中，有三项研究没有收集关于 SEP 的数据，而 18 项研究将 SEP 操作化为教育（八项）、工作职位（五项）、SEP 本身（两项）或教育和工作职位（三项）。关于 SEP 差异的研究结果尚无定论，有证据表明，高 SEP 报告更频繁地接触整体技术压力。在报告教育程度数据的 11 项研究的子样本中，我们将大学毕业生的比例与世界银行国家统计数据进行了比较，发现 11 项研究中有 9 项研究中高 SEP 工人的代表性过高。由此产生的社会经济抽样偏差限制了技术压力模型在高 SEP 职业中的应用范围。由于研究设计的限制，技术压力中没有发现 SEP 差异。研究应旨在减少技术压力和 SEP 措施的异质性，以提高社会经济群体之间的外部有效性和可推广性。关于技术压力的未来研究将受益于开发敏感的 SEP 措施和质量评估工具，通过将数据与国家统计数据进行比较来识别社会经济抽样偏差。
