General Hospital Našice, Našice 31 500, Croatia.
Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek 31 000, Croatia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Feb 27;18(5):2332. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18052332.
The aim of this study was to examine the impact of education, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and risk factors on the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes.
A prospective study was conducted in three phases: before education, after education, and in the period of pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The subjects were diabetics on oral therapy. To determine the quality of life index, a standardized Ferrans and Powers survey questionnaire was used.
A total of 205 participants took part in the study, of which 111 (54.1%) were men and 94 (46%) women. Participants were enrolled in the study between January 2019 and September 2020. Glycated hemoglobin values were significantly higher before education compared to post-education and at the time of COVID-19 (Friedman test, = 0.002), and body mass index was significantly lower after education compared to values before education (Friedman test, = 0.008). The quality of life was significantly lower in all domains in the COVID-19 period (Friedman test, < 0.001).
A significant predictor of worse assessment of overall quality of life was male gender and rural place of residence. Disease duration of up to 5 years was a significant predictor of worse assessment in the psychological/spiritual domain, while being married was a predictor of better assessment of the quality of life in the family domain. The education of diabetics brought an increase in the health and quality of life while the coronavirus disease pandemic had negative consequences on the same parameters. We consider it necessary to systematically educate diabetics about the comorbidity of COVID-19.
本研究旨在探讨教育、2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）和危险因素对 2 型糖尿病患者生活质量的影响。
本前瞻性研究分为三个阶段进行：教育前、教育后和 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）流行期间。研究对象为口服治疗的糖尿病患者。为了确定生活质量指数，使用了标准化的费朗斯和鲍尔斯调查问卷。
共有 205 名参与者参加了这项研究，其中 111 名（54.1%）为男性，94 名（46%）为女性。参与者于 2019 年 1 月至 2020 年 9 月期间入组。与教育后和 COVID-19 时期相比，教育前糖化血红蛋白值显著升高（弗里德曼检验， = 0.002），教育后体重指数显著降低与教育前相比（弗里德曼检验， = 0.008）。在 COVID-19 期间，所有领域的生活质量都显著降低（弗里德曼检验， < 0.001）。
男性性别和农村居住地是整体生活质量评估较差的显著预测因素。病程长达 5 年是心理/精神领域评估较差的显著预测因素，而已婚是家庭领域生活质量评估较好的预测因素。糖尿病患者的教育带来了健康和生活质量的提高，而 2019 年冠状病毒病大流行对这些参数产生了负面影响。我们认为有必要系统地对糖尿病患者进行 COVID-19 合并症教育。
