Poddighe Dimitri, Kushugulova Almagul
Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine (NUSOM), Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
Department of Pediatrics, National Research Center for Mother and Child Health, University Medical Center, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021 Feb 17;11:625162. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.625162. eCollection 2021.
The human salivary microbiota includes hundreds of bacterial species. Alterations in gut microbiota have been explored in Celiac Disease (CD), but fewer studies investigated the characteristics of salivary microbiome in these patients, despite the potential implications in its pathogenesis. Indeed, some recent studies suggested that the partial digestion of gluten proteins by some bacteria may affect the array of gluten peptides reaching the gut and the way by which those are presented to the intestinal immune system. The available clinical studies investigating the salivary microbiota in children and adults, are insufficient to make any reliable conclusion, even though some bacterial species/phyla differences have been reported between celiac patients and controls. However, the salivary microbiome could correlate better with the duodenal microbiota, than the fecal one. Therefore, further clinical studies on salivary microbiome by different and independent research groups and including different populations, are advisable in order to explore the usefulness of the salivary microbiome analysis and understand some aspects of CD pathogenesis with potential clinical and practical implications.
人类唾液微生物群包括数百种细菌。肠道微生物群的改变已在乳糜泻（CD）中得到研究，但较少有研究调查这些患者唾液微生物组的特征，尽管其发病机制可能与之相关。事实上，最近的一些研究表明，某些细菌对麸质蛋白的部分消化可能会影响到达肠道的麸质肽的种类以及这些肽呈递给肠道免疫系统的方式。现有针对儿童和成人唾液微生物群的临床研究，即使报告了乳糜泻患者与对照组之间存在一些细菌种类/门类差异，也不足以得出任何可靠结论。然而，唾液微生物组与十二指肠微生物组的相关性可能比与粪便微生物组的相关性更好。因此，建议不同的独立研究小组对不同人群进行关于唾液微生物组的进一步临床研究，以探索唾液微生物组分析的实用性，并了解乳糜泻发病机制的一些方面，这具有潜在的临床和实际意义。
