Asada Yuka, Pipito Andrea A, Chriqui Jamie F, Taher Sabira, Powell Lisa M
Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Division of Health Policy and Administration, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Health Equity. 2021 Feb 2;5(1):35-41. doi: 10.1089/heq.2020.0079. eCollection 2021.
On November 8, 2016, Oakland, California, voters passed a sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax, which included language to support programs affecting communities and residents most affected by SSB-related health disparities. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively assess the extent to which those communities most affected by SSB-related health disparities were included in implementation decisions and were recipients of funding to support their needs. A longitudinal case study from 2016 to 2019 in Oakland, CA, explored equity implementation themes through key informant interview transcripts (=15) triangulated with media (=90) and archived documents (=43). Using principals of constant comparative analysis, all documents (=148) were coded and thematically analyzed in Atlas.ti. SSB taxes-designed to support communities disproportionately impacted by SSB consumption-can be implemented with inclusivity and community representation. The Oakland ordinance established a Community Advisory Board (CAB) that partnered with community organizations throughout implementation to ensure inclusivity and recommend funding for programs to address health inequities, described as the "spirit" of the ordinance. These activities countered the beverage industry's tactics to target lower income communities of color with misinformation campaigns and hinder implementation. A clearly written ordinance provides guidance, which affords an intentional and legal foundation for implementation processes. Establishing a CAB can mitigate inequities as members are invested in the community and initiatives to support residents. Advisory boards are able to liaise between city and local partners, which is a powerful tool for countering opposition campaigns, reaching lower income and communities of color, and ensuring adherence to funding mandates.
2016年11月8日，加利福尼亚州奥克兰的选民通过了一项含糖饮料税，其中包含支持影响受含糖饮料相关健康差异影响最大的社区和居民的项目的措辞。本研究的目的是定性评估受含糖饮料相关健康差异影响最大的那些社区在实施决策中被纳入的程度，以及作为资金接受者以满足其需求的程度。2016年至2019年在加利福尼亚州奥克兰进行的一项纵向案例研究，通过与媒体报道（90份）和存档文件（43份）进行三角互证的关键信息提供者访谈记录（15份），探索公平实施主题。运用持续比较分析原则，对所有文件（148份）进行编码，并在Atlas.ti中进行主题分析。旨在支持受含糖饮料消费影响尤为严重的社区的含糖饮料税，可以在具有包容性和社区代表性的情况下实施。奥克兰条例设立了一个社区咨询委员会（CAB），该委员会在整个实施过程中与社区组织合作，以确保包容性，并为解决健康不平等问题的项目推荐资金，这被描述为该条例的“精神”。这些活动对抗了饮料行业通过错误信息宣传针对低收入有色人种社区的策略，并阻碍了实施。一份措辞清晰的条例提供了指导，为实施过程提供了有意为之的法律基础。设立社区咨询委员会可以减轻不平等现象，因为其成员致力于社区和支持居民的倡议。咨询委员会能够在城市和地方合作伙伴之间进行联络，这是对抗反对运动、接触低收入和有色人种社区以及确保遵守资金规定的有力工具。
