Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Environ Int. 2021 Jul;152:106464. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106464. Epub 2021 Mar 5.
Ambient air pollution is likely a risk factor for asthma, and recent evidence suggests the possible relevance of road traffic noise.
We examined the associations of long-term exposure to air pollution and road traffic noise with adult-asthma incidence.
We followed 28,731 female nurses (age > 44 years) from the Danish Nurse Cohort, recruited in 1993 and 1999, for first hospital contact for asthma from 1977 until 2015. We estimated residential annual mean concentrations of particulate matter with diameter < 2.5 µm (PM) since 1990 and nitrogen dioxide (NO) since 1970 with the Danish DEHM/UBM/AirGIS modeling system, and road traffic noise (L) since 1970 with the Nord2000 model. Time-varying Cox regression models were used to associate air pollution and road traffic noise exposure with asthma incidence.
During 18.6 years' mean follow-up, 528 out of 23,093 participants had hospital contact for asthma. The hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals for asthma incidence associated with 3-year moving average exposures were 1.29 (1.03, 1.61) per 6.3 µg/m for PM, 1.16 (1.07, 1.27) per 8.2 µg/m for NO, and 1.12 (1.00, 1.25) per 10 dB for L. The HR for NO remained unchanged after adjustment for either PM or L, while the HRs for PM and L attenuated to unity after adjustment for NO.
Long-term exposure to air pollution was associated with adult-asthma incidence independently of road traffic noise, with NO most relevant. Road traffic noise was not independently associated with adult-asthma incidence.
环境空气污染可能是哮喘的一个危险因素，最近的证据表明道路交通噪声可能与之相关。
我们研究了长期暴露于空气污染和道路交通噪声与成人哮喘发病的关系。
我们随访了 28731 名丹麦护士队列中的女性护士（年龄>44 岁），她们于 1993 年和 1999 年招募，自 1977 年至 2015 年首次因哮喘住院。我们使用丹麦 DEHM/UBM/AirGIS 建模系统估计了自 1990 年以来直径<2.5µm（PM）的颗粒物和自 1970 年以来的二氧化氮（NO）的年度平均浓度，以及自 1970 年以来的道路交通噪声（L）使用 Nord2000 模型。我们使用时变 Cox 回归模型将空气污染和道路交通噪声暴露与哮喘发病联系起来。
在平均 18.6 年的随访期间，23093 名参与者中有 528 人因哮喘住院。与 3 年移动平均暴露相关的哮喘发病率的危险比（HR）和 95%置信区间分别为 PM 每增加 6.3µg/m 时为 1.29（1.03，1.61），NO 每增加 8.2µg/m 时为 1.16（1.07，1.27），L 每增加 10dB 时为 1.12（1.00，1.25）。在调整 PM 或 L 后，NO 的 HR 保持不变，而 PM 和 L 的 HR 在调整 NO 后衰减到 1。
长期暴露于空气污染与成人哮喘发病有关，与道路交通噪声无关，NO 是最相关的因素。道路交通噪声与成人哮喘发病无独立相关性。
