Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(22):6016-6033. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1895063. Epub 2021 Mar 8.
Lactoferrin (LF), a glycoprotein found in mucosal secretions, is characterized by a wide range of functions, including immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. Moreover, several investigations confirmed that LF displays high effectiveness against multiple bacteria and viruses and may be regarded as a potential inhibitor of enveloped viruses, such as presently prevailing SARS-CoV-2. In our review, we discuss available studies about LF functions and bioavailability of different LF forms in in vitro and in vivo models. Moreover, we characterize the potential benefits and side effects of LF use; we also briefly summarize the latest clinical trials examining LF application. Finally, we point potential role of LF in inflammatory bowel disease and indicate its use as a marker for disease severity.
乳铁蛋白（LF）是一种存在于黏膜分泌物中的糖蛋白，具有广泛的功能，包括免疫调节和抗炎活性。此外，多项研究证实 LF 对多种细菌和病毒具有高效性，可被视为一种潜在的包膜病毒抑制剂，如目前流行的 SARS-CoV-2。在我们的综述中，我们讨论了 LF 功能的现有研究以及不同 LF 形式在体外和体内模型中的生物利用度。此外，我们描述了 LF 使用的潜在益处和副作用；我们还简要总结了最新的临床试验，检查 LF 的应用。最后，我们指出 LF 在炎症性肠病中的潜在作用，并指出其作为疾病严重程度的标志物的用途。
