Beatty W W, Goodkin D E, Monson N, Beatty P A, Hertsgaard D
Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58105.
Arch Neurol. 1988 Jun;45(6):611-9. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1988.00520300029013.
The performance of 38 patients with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis was compared with that of 26 age- and education-matched controls on a battery of tests of information-processing speed, verbal fluency, naming, egocentric perception, and anterograde and remote memory. Although there were marked differences in the extent and severity of cognitive disturbance among individual patients, as a group they were impaired compared with controls on all measures. Deficits were most striking on the Symbol-Digit Modalities Test and the verbal fluency measures, tests that require rapid information processing. More than 75% of the patients scored below the tenth percentile for controls on the Symbol-Digit Modalities Test, while 61% scored below the tenth percentile on verbal fluency. Memory disturbances were also common. More than 45% of the patients scored below the tenth percentile. The proportion of impaired patients was quite similar for anterograde and remote memory tests and for recall and recognition procedures. The pattern of memory disturbance and slowed information processing resembled deficits generally observed in subcortical dementias, such as Huntington's disease, but in addition, the patients with multiple sclerosis showed naming difficulties that are usually associated with cortical dementias, such as Alzheimer's disease.
在一系列信息处理速度、语言流畅性、命名、自我中心感知以及顺行性和远隔记忆测试中，对38例慢性进行性多发性硬化患者与26例年龄和教育程度相匹配的对照者的表现进行了比较。尽管个体患者认知障碍的程度和严重程度存在显著差异，但作为一个群体，他们在所有测量指标上与对照组相比均受损。在符号数字模式测试和语言流畅性测量中，缺陷最为明显，这些测试需要快速信息处理。超过75%的患者在符号数字模式测试中的得分低于对照组的第十百分位数，而61%的患者在语言流畅性方面得分低于第十百分位数。记忆障碍也很常见。超过45%的患者得分低于第十百分位数。顺行性和远隔记忆测试以及回忆和识别程序中受损患者的比例相当相似。记忆障碍和信息处理速度减慢的模式类似于在皮质下痴呆（如亨廷顿病）中通常观察到的缺陷，但此外，多发性硬化患者还表现出通常与皮质性痴呆（如阿尔茨海默病）相关的命名困难。
