Litovitz T L, Klein-Schwartz W, Oderda G M, Schmitz B F
National Capital Poison Center, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC. 20007.
Am J Emerg Med. 1988 May;6(3):209-13. doi: 10.1016/0735-6757(88)90001-0.
A retrospective chart review was conducted at two regional poison centers to determine the clinical outcome of boric acid ingestions and to assess the relationship between serum boric acid levels and clinical presentation. A total of 784 cases were studied; all but 2 were acute ingestions. No patients developed severe manifestations of toxicity, and 88.3% were entirely asymptomatic. The most common symptoms were vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Lethargy, headache, lightheadedness, and atypical rash were seen less frequently. Boric acid levels were obtained in 51 patients and ranged from 0 to 340 micrograms/mL. Blood levels were 70 micrograms/mL or more in 7 patients; 4 remained asymptomatic, whereas the other 3 had nausea or vomiting. Dialysis was performed in 4 of these 7 patients, only 1 of whom had symptoms (vomiting). On the basis of data from 9 patients, the mean half-life of boric acid was determined to be 13.4 hours (range, 4.0 to 27.8). Hemodialysis in 3 patients significantly shortened the half-life compared with pre- and postdialysis half-lives. Our results suggest that acute boric acid ingestions produce minimal or no toxicity and that aggressive treatment is not necessary in most patients.
在两个地区性中毒控制中心进行了一项回顾性病历审查，以确定硼酸摄入的临床结果，并评估血清硼酸水平与临床表现之间的关系。共研究了784例病例；除2例以外均为急性摄入。没有患者出现严重中毒表现，88.3%的患者完全无症状。最常见的症状是呕吐、腹痛和腹泻。嗜睡、头痛、头晕和非典型皮疹较少见。对51例患者进行了硼酸水平检测，范围为0至340微克/毫升。7例患者的血液水平为70微克/毫升或更高；4例仍无症状，而另外3例有恶心或呕吐。这7例患者中有4例进行了透析，其中只有1例有症状（呕吐）。根据9例患者的数据，硼酸的平均半衰期确定为13.4小时（范围为4.0至27.8小时）。与透析前和透析后的半衰期相比，3例患者进行血液透析显著缩短了半衰期。我们的结果表明，急性硼酸摄入产生的毒性极小或无毒性，大多数患者无需积极治疗。
