College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
Biodegradation. 2021 Apr;32(2):217-228. doi: 10.1007/s10532-021-09935-0. Epub 2021 Mar 12.
Compost has been widely used in agriculture in recent years, but the nutrients it provides are far from enough for plant growth. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically explore the fermentation process of composting. In this study, the succession of microbial community and metabolite characteristics in compost were analyzed by using microbial sequencing and metabolomics techniques. The results showed that compared with mesophilic phase and cooling phase, the richness and diversity of bacterial community decreased in thermophilic phase. At the genus level, Pseudomonas (8.90%), Lactobacillus (3.99%), Bacteroidetes (3.39%), Flavobacterium (3.25%) and Prevotella (Prevotella_9, 2.33%, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, 2.44%) were the dominant genera in the pig manure composting. The abundance of Pseudomonas and Flavobacterium increased significantly while Lactobacillus and Prevotella were significantly decreased after composting, and the abundance of Bacteroidetes increased first and then decreased. Fatty acyls, sterol lipids, glycerophospholipids, polyketides and prenol lipids were common microbial metabolites in compost. Moreover, the linoleic acid metabolic pathway was significantly enriched in the three stages of composting, and linoleic acid metabolism might be the primary function of the microbial community in composting. The network analysis showed that between the microbial communities or between the microbial community and metabolites were closely related to each other.
近年来，堆肥在农业中得到了广泛应用，但它提供的养分远远不能满足植物生长的需要。因此，有必要系统地探索堆肥的发酵过程。本研究采用微生物测序和代谢组学技术，分析了堆肥中微生物群落演替和代谢产物特征。结果表明，与中温期和冷却期相比，高温期细菌群落的丰富度和多样性降低。在属水平上，假单胞菌（8.90%）、乳杆菌（3.99%）、拟杆菌（3.39%）、黄杆菌（3.25%）和普雷沃氏菌（Prevotella_9，2.33%，Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group，2.44%）是猪粪堆肥中的优势属。在堆肥过程中，假单胞菌和黄杆菌的丰度显著增加，而乳杆菌和普雷沃氏菌的丰度显著降低，拟杆菌的丰度先增加后减少。脂肪酸、甾醇脂质、甘油磷脂、聚酮和prenol 脂质是堆肥中常见的微生物代谢物。此外，在堆肥的三个阶段，亚油酸代谢途径明显富集，亚油酸代谢可能是堆肥中微生物群落的主要功能。网络分析表明，微生物群落之间或微生物群落与代谢物之间存在密切关系。
