Kilbom A
Work Physiology Unit, Swedish National Institute of Occupational Health, Solna.
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1988;57(3):322-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00635991.
In two longitudinal studies, initial muscle strength and endurance of the shoulder-forearm muscles were related to deterioration of shoulder-neck-arm disorders after one year. Group I (n = 32) worked in the automobile industry assembling car motors. Their work was performed when standing and walking, and implied varied postures and exertion of external forces. Group II (n = 96) worked in the electronics industry assembling printed circuit boards. They worked sitting down and were exposed mainly to postural static loads. Muscle strength was negatively related to deterioration in group I but no such relationship was found in group II. The mechanism of occupational muscular injury is discussed, and it is suggested that mechanical overstress of the musculoskeletal system causes injury in occupations where external forces are exerted. The mechanism of injury in static, postural loads remains to be explained.
在两项纵向研究中，肩前臂肌肉的初始肌力和耐力与一年后肩颈臂疾病的恶化有关。第一组（n = 32）在汽车行业从事汽车发动机装配工作。他们的工作是在站立和行走时进行的，涉及各种姿势和外力的施加。第二组（n = 96）在电子行业从事印刷电路板装配工作。他们坐着工作，主要承受姿势性静态负荷。第一组中肌肉力量与病情恶化呈负相关，但第二组未发现这种关系。文中讨论了职业性肌肉损伤的机制，并指出在施加外力的职业中，肌肉骨骼系统的机械性过度应激会导致损伤。静态姿势负荷下的损伤机制仍有待解释。
