Şahin Sultan, Ünlü Caner, Trabzon Levent
Nanosicence and Nanoengineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Nanotechnology Research and Application Center - ITUnano, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Emergent Mater. 2021;4(1):187-209. doi: 10.1007/s42247-021-00195-5. Epub 2021 Mar 10.
Quantum dots (QDs) are synthetic semiconductor nanocrystals with unique optical and electronic properties due to their size (2-10 nm) such as high molar absorption coefficient (10-100 times higher than organic dyes), resistance to chemical degradation, and unique optoelectronic properties due to quantum confinement (high quantum yield, emission color change with size). Compared to organic fluorophores, the narrower emission band and wider absorption bands of QDs offer great advantages in cell imaging and biosensor applications. The optoelectronic features of QDs have prompted their intensive use in bioanalytical, biophysical, and biomedical research. As the nanomaterials have been integrated into microfluidic systems, microfluidic technology has accelerated the adaptation of nanomaterials to clinical evaluation together with the advantages such as being more economical, more reproducible, and more susceptible to modification and integration with other technologies. Microfluidic systems serve an important role by being a platform in which QDs are integrated for biosensing applications. As we combine the advantages of QDs and microfluidic technology for biosensing technology, QD-based biosensor integrated with microfluidic systems can be used as an advanced and versatile diagnostic technology in case of pandemic. Specifically, there is an urgent necessity to have reliable and fast detection systems for COVID-19 virus. In this review, affinity-based biosensing mechanisms which are developed with QDs are examined in the domain of microfluidic approach. The combination of microfluidic technology and QD-based affinity biosensors are presented with examples in order to develop a better technological framework of diagnostic for COVID-19 virus.
量子点（QDs）是合成半导体纳米晶体，由于其尺寸（2-10纳米）而具有独特的光学和电子特性，例如高摩尔吸收系数（比有机染料高10-100倍）、抗化学降解能力以及由于量子限制而具有的独特光电特性（高量子产率、发射颜色随尺寸变化）。与有机荧光团相比，量子点更窄的发射带和更宽的吸收带在细胞成像和生物传感器应用中具有很大优势。量子点的光电特性促使它们在生物分析、生物物理和生物医学研究中得到广泛应用。随着纳米材料被集成到微流体系统中，微流体技术加速了纳米材料在临床评估中的应用，同时还具有更经济、更可重复以及更易于与其他技术进行修饰和集成等优点。微流体系统作为一个将量子点集成用于生物传感应用的平台，发挥着重要作用。当我们将量子点和微流体技术的优势结合用于生物传感技术时，集成有微流体系统的基于量子点的生物传感器在大流行情况下可作为一种先进且通用的诊断技术。具体而言，迫切需要有可靠且快速的新冠病毒检测系统。在本综述中，研究了在微流体方法领域中利用量子点开发的基于亲和力的生物传感机制。通过实例展示了微流体技术与基于量子点的亲和力生物传感器的结合，以建立一个更好的新冠病毒诊断技术框架。
