Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
Department of Biology, College of Science and Mathematics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2021;1286:107-114. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-55035-6_7.
The majority of RNA transcripts are non-coding RNA (ncRNA) transcripts with lengths exceeding 200 nucleotides that are not translated into protein. Unlike microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) are not confined to a single mechanism of action but have a large and diverse role in biological processes as they can function as transcription regulators, decoys, scaffolds, and enhancer RNAs. Currently, many lncRNA molecules are under investigation for their role in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and prognosis in different types of cancer. This review not only summarizes the characteristics and functions of lncRNAs but also discusses the therapeutic implications and applications of lncRNAs with roles associated with head and neck cancer. Our aim is to pinpoint the potential way to perturb specific lncRNAs for future therapeutic use.
大多数 RNA 转录本是非编码 RNA (ncRNA) 转录本，长度超过 200 个核苷酸，不翻译成蛋白质。与 microRNAs (miRNAs) 不同，长非编码 RNA (lncRNA) 不限于单一的作用机制，而是在生物学过程中具有广泛而多样的作用，因为它们可以作为转录调节剂、诱饵、支架和增强子 RNA 发挥作用。目前，许多 lncRNA 分子因其在不同类型癌症中的肿瘤发生、转移和预后中的作用而受到研究。这篇综述不仅总结了 lncRNAs 的特征和功能，还讨论了与头颈部癌症相关的 lncRNAs 的治疗意义和应用。我们的目的是确定干扰特定 lncRNA 的潜在方法，以便将来用于治疗。
